Designing and Implementing Paperless †Free Samples to Students

Question: Talk about the Designing and Implementing Paperless. Answer: Presentation: The way toward learning has gotten one of the most blissful and beneficial experience. The learning programs and the data dominance has been valuable in my learning life and will be of incredible assistance in my profession life and my life for the most part. This intelligent diary centers around the learning experience to survey what we have gained from the provokes looked in endeavors to conquer business challenges. The learning procedure is highlighted concerning what functioned admirably or what didn't function admirably as a student. A portion of the learning viewpoints were so invited as far as I can tell while others despite everything should be corrected for better accomplishment of results. In the field of trade that is firmly identified with the business world, I have had the option to associate, learn, and increase new encounters on the best way to deal with business challenges. My longing to turn into an effective representative, driven by the excellence of enterprise has kept me moving and consistently focussed to learning new encounters on the best way to wander in new inventive organizations. This article clarifies the significance of the learning encounters I have picked up while in the coursework and cooperations from the effective agents in the business world. The present headway in innovation has required various adjustments in the learning procedure which expects one to be on the ability of the PC in order to build up the fundamental learning aptitudes. This is made conceivable by having the necessary apparatuses, for example, the tablets and the PCs which help in keeping one refreshed and upgrades the learning procedure (Hesser Schwartz, 2013). Before the finish of the learning procedure, I had the option to focus on a specific subject for very extended periods of time than before with an engaged psyche to comprehend the substance dissimilar to before whereby I was unable to withstand gazing at a book or perusing material for over 60 minutes. I understood the significance of the learning contraptions which incorporate the PCs and that they are intended for diversion as well as for improving the learning procedure. A decent learning experience, particularly in this unique universe of innovation, can be an extraordinary and magnificent experience since it can make drawing in, pertinent, and prominent instructive encounters which address certain difficulties looked by the students. The learning experience is useful particularly to individuals who might need to engage in business exchanges since the pattern is ever-changing and this causes one to get familiar with the business world elements without a battle (Kao et al, 2014). The learning experience likewise causes one to extend their brains as far as professional interactions thus ready to recognize the developing chances to wander into. Consequently, the learning experience ought to be improved and make it progressively successful. The learning experience has extraordinary incentive in a people life for the most part. Right off the bat, it guarantees that one is completely furnished with the present patterns on the planet. One can't participate in a business that they don't know about the elements associated with the sort of business they would need to wander into (Johnson et al, 2012). Once more, the learning experience empowers one to assess the sorts of organizations that are anything but difficult to do and the prerequisites required thereof. One can evaluate the sort of dangers every business is inclined to and the measure of capital required to begin a specific business. The learning experience opens one to numerous sorts of individuals to such an extent that it turns out to be anything but difficult to execute a business with a wide range of individuals with various foundations. The learning experience empowers one to pick a course astutely dependent on their abilities and zones of premium. As one builds up a learning experience, the person can distinguish the sort obviously which they can fit better and put their entire endeavors towards enhancing those territories and take off alone those that they are not skilled in (Ellaway et al, 2014). The importance of the course is dictated by the learning involvement with such a course. This will assist one with choosing a course which they feel will profit them the most and which their energy is coordinated to and this ensures great execution in such a course. It encourages one to organize their time and exercises astutely. The setting of needs are significant parts of realizing which empowers one to go to first to the significant things and concentrate on them to keep away from pointless missteps. The best possible booking of occasions with their proper time is noteworthy towards the accomplishment of every one of my desire to turn into an effective agent and a chief in issues that require brief activity. Working with no set or set up needs prompts the production of contentions and the foundation of negligible slip-ups that prompts business disappointment. My capacity to make the correct needs and appoint the right time would assist me with turning into the best leader in my business calling. The learning experience is a decent determinant of the sort of vocation one is probably going to participate in future. Through learning, one can find their gifts and capacities to act in a specific region and this aides the kind of profession to pick. The regions of interests are imperative since one understands that there are a few territories which they can perform superior to other people (Shek et al, 2015). This assists with dispensing with those that are hard to comprehend or are of less intrigue. It additionally assists with recognizing the zones which may should be improved in future. During the learning procedure, I was presented to different ways of life, dialects, and societies which played as an experience sort of life. Therefore, executing business with different individuals and business condition was by one way or another improved. Having a wide scope of information and data is valuable in the association as the capacity to comprehend basic issues is progressed. During the learning procedure, I cooperated with numerous individuals from various foundations and this will assist me with adapting to new difficulties and situations. I read about how to set both short and long haul objectives and the benefits of each. I knew about the different business pieces and workshops and the benefits of going to them. My goal of learning trade standards is helping me understand and abuse my maximum capacity of the fantasy to turn into an effective business administrator. Assess what you realize Wandering into a business is an astute thought and a decent method to assemble ones vocation. In any case, it expects one to initially have the thought and be centered around assessing the possible dangers and advantages of maintaining a specific business. It is likewise essential to examine the market structure and comprehend the expected contenders. My learning encounters can be seen as a triumph, and not a disappointment. This is on the grounds that I have been appropriately furnished with the correct abilities to investigate the fundamental difficulties that face an organization and think of genial arrangements in regards to the issues. Doing an examination available structure was a basic task since it is the determinant of any business achievement. Recognizing the best business types and how they are run and the potential results of the business was a significant movement in order to evaluate whether to wander into such a business or not. In this manner, doing the exercises in task one and two was intended to furnish me with the correct aptitudes to tackle business challenges, comprehend business patterns and needs, and comprehend which undertaking is on the right track to contribute by a representative. Clarify Plan how this learning you will apply The learning will be helpful in my vocation life. Having connected with different individuals and societies, I will have the option to execute business unafraid as it will be anything but difficult to examine the business circumstances. I will likewise have the option to counsel business specialists in a specific territory important to grow my business thoughts. For the most part, the learning experience has expanded my brain thus constructed both my own and profession life. Learning helps individuals both expertly in their own lives. I would apply my learning encounters in the creation and advancement of new business thoughts that would flourish in the economy. Further, I would apply my learning encounters of compromise approaches in the settling of fights among any clashing gatherings in the work place. Anticipating become a family individual, understanding the significance of resistance and the realities that individuals show contrasts in their ways to deal with various issues, I would be lenient and continually seeing in order to acquire harmony the family. Moreover, learning the standards of leading business and guaranteeing that it flourishes would be useful to me when applying such standards into training. This training would include the setting down approaches that secure the privileges of everybody in the business just as guaranteeing that all the distinguished open doors in the base dangers and expenses as could reasonably be expected. References Ellaway, R. H., Fink, P., Graves, L., Campbell, A. (2014). Left to their own gadgets: clinical students utilization of portable technologies.Medical teacher,36(2), 130-138. Press. Hesser, T. L., Schwartz, P. M. (2013). iPads in the science research facility: Experience in planning and actualizing a paperless science lab course.Journal of STEM Education: Innovations and Research,14(2), 5. Press. Johnson, L., Adams, S., Cummins, M. (2012).Technology Outlook for Australian Tertiary Training 2012-2017: A NMC Horizon Report Regional Analysis. New Media Consortium. 6101 West Courtyard Drive Building One Suite 100, Austin, TX 78730. diary of nursing training scholarship,11(1), 75-82. Press. Kao, A. B., Miller, N., Torney, C., Hartnett, A., Couzin, I. D. (2014). Aggregate learning learning field for creating shared work rehearses. InAgency at Work(pp. 351-371). Press. Khan, A. I., Al-Shihi, H., Al-Khanjari, Z. A., Sarrab, M. (2015). Versatile Learning (M- Learning) adoptio

Outsiders Summary Essays - Italian Politicians, Niccol Machiavelli

Outcasts Summary Annonymous In The Prince Niccolo Machiavelli presents a perspective on administering a express that is definitely not the same as that of humanists of his time. Machiavelli accepts the decision Prince ought to be the sole position deciding each part of the state and put in actuality an arrangement which would serve his eventual benefits. These interests were picking up, keeping up, and growing his political power.1 His comprehension of human instinct was a finished inconsistency of what humanists accepted and instructed. Machiavelli firmly advanced a mainstream society and felt profound quality was a bit much but rather in reality disrupted the general flow of an adequately represented principality.2 Though in come cases Machiavelli's recommendations appear to be cruel and corrupt one must recollect that these perspectives were inferred out of concern Italy's temperamental political condition.3 In spite of the fact that humanists of Machiavelli's time accepted that a person had a lot to offer to the prosperity of the state, Machiavelli was fast to taunt human instinct. Humanists accepted that An individual only'grows to development both mentally and ethically through cooperation' in the life of the state.4 Machiavelli by and large questioned residents, expressing that ...in time of misfortune, when the state needs it's residents there are not many to be found.5 Machiavelli further proceeds to scrutinize the unwaveringness of the residents and exhorts the Prince that ...since men a pitiful animals who might not keep their assertion to you, you need keep your statement to them.6 However, Machiavelli didn't feel that a Prince ought to abuse the residents. This proposal by and by to serve the Prince's eventual benefits. On the off chance that a ruler can not be both dreaded and cherished, Machiavelli recommends, it would be better for him to be dreaded bey the residents inside his own territory. He makes the speculation that men are, ...careless, whimsical, liars, and backstabbers, they disregard peril and are voracious for benefit; while you treat them well they are yours.7 He portrays men as acting naturally focused and not ready to act in the wellbeing of the state,[and when the prince] is in peril they betray [him].8 Machiavelli strengthens the sovereign's should be dreaded by expressing: Men stress less over doing a physical issue to one who makes himself cherished than to one who makes himself dreaded. The power of profound devotion is one which men, vomited animals they are, break when it is to further their potential benefit to do as such; however dread is reinforced by a fear of discipline which is consistently effective.9 So as to win respect, Machaivelli recommends that a sovereign must be promptly ready to hoodwink the residents. One path is to ...show his regard for ability effectively reassuring the capable and respecting the individuals who exceed expectations in their professions...so that they can go serenely about their business.10 By urging residents to exceed expectations at their callings he would likewise be urging them to ...increment the thriving of the their state.11 These measures, however completed in duplicity, would bring the sovereign respect and trust among the residents, particularly those who were in the best situations to restrict him. Machiavelli hypothesizes that a sovereign should likewise misdirect the individuals who endeavor to compliment him. [In] picking shrewd men for his legislature and permitting those the opportunity to talk reality to him, and afterward just concerning issues on which he asks their conclusion, and that's it. Be that as it may, he ought to likewise question them intensely and tune in to what they state; at that point he should make up his own mind.12 Since every individual will just counsel the ruler in accord to his own interests, the ruler must follow up on his own agreement. Machiavelli demoralizes move to made something else ...since men will consistently do seriously by [the prince] except if they are compelled to be virtuous.13 Machiavelli effectively advanced a mainstream type of governmental issues. He laid aside the Medieval origination of the state as a vital creation for humankinds profound, material, and social well-being.14 In such a state,[a] ruler was defended in his activity of political force as it were on the off chance that it added to the benefit of all of the individuals he served, [and] the moral side of a rulers activity...ought to [be] dependent on Christian moral principles....15 Machiavelli accepted a mainstream type of government to be an increasingly sensible sort. His perspectives were to the advantage of the ruler, in helping him keep up power instead of to serve to the prosperity of the residents. Machiavelli advanced his conviction by expressing: The truth of the matter is that a man who needs to act righteously inside and out fundamentally ends up badly among the individuals who are not righteous. Along these lines, in the event that a sovereign needs to keep up his standard he should learn not to be so prudent, and to

100 Must-Read Classics in Translation

100 Must-Read Classics in Translation If ever there was a time to read books from different cultures and time periods, this is it. We have so much information and so many stories from around the world available to us, and yet so often we (myself included) end up reading books about ourselves, more or less. Theres nothing wrong with that, of course, but why not pick up a book in translation now and then, and why not try a book from the past? Here is a list of classics in translation from around the world, written in languages other than English,  that have something to teach us about our fellow human beings. The books below were published at least 50 years ago (so nothing after 1967). The book descriptions come from publisher copy. The Odyssey by Homer, translated by Robert Fagles (Greece, 8th century B.C.): If the Iliad is the worlds greatest war epic, then the Odyssey is literatures grandest evocation of everymans journey though life. Stung with Love: Poems and Fragments of Sappho by Sappho, translated by Aaron Poochigian (Greece, c. 630â€"570 B.C.): Little remains today of [Sapphos] writings The surviving texts consist of a lamentably small and fragmented body of lyric poetryâ€"among them poems of invocation, desire, spite, celebration, resignation and remembrance. Antigone by Sophocles, translated by E.H. Plumtre (Greece, 441 B.C.): [Antigone, which is] the first Theban play written by Sophocles yet chronologically last in the cycle, is a masterpiece of classical antiquity which examines the conflict between public duty and personal loyalty. The Selected Poems of Tao Chien by Tao Chien, translated by David Hinton (China, early 400s): Tao Chien, (365â€"427, C.E.), [is] one of the most revered poets in classical Chinese literature. The Kagero Diary by a woman known only as the Mother of Michitsuna, translated by Sonja Arntzen (Japan c. 974): Japan is the only country in the world where it was primarily the works of women writers that laid the foundation for the classical literary tradition. The Kagero Diary is the first extant work of that rich and brilliant tradition. The Pillow Book by Sei Shonagon, translated by Meredith McKinney (Japan, 990sâ€"early 1000s): Written by the court gentlewoman Sei Shonagon, ostensibly for her own amusement, The Pillow Book offers a fascinating exploration of life among the nobility at the height of the Heian period. The Tale of Genji by Murasaki Shikibu, translated by Royall Tyler (Japan, early 1000s): The Tale of Genji is a very long romance, running to fifty-four chapters and describing the court life of Heian Japan, from the tenth century into the eleventh. The Sarashina Diary: A Womans Life in Eleventh-Century Japan by Lady Sarashina, translated by Moriyuki Ito (Japan, 11th century): A thousand years ago, a young Japanese girl embarked on a journey from the wild East Country to the capital. She began a diary that she would continue to write for the next forty years and compile later in life, bringing lasting prestige to her family. Selected Writings: Hildegard of Bingen by Hildegard of Bingen, translated by Mark Atherton (Germany, 12th century): Hildegard, the Sybil of the Rhine, was a Benedictine nun and one of the most prolific and original women writers of the Middle Ages. The Lais of Marie de France by Marie de France, translated by Glyn S. Burgess (France, England, late 12th century): Marie de France (fl. late twelfth century) is the earliest known French woman poet and her laisâ€"stories in verse based on Breton tales of chivalry and romanceâ€"are among the finest of the genre. The Confessions of Lady Nijo by Lady Nijo, translated by Karen Brazell (Japan, early 13th century): In about 1307 a remarkable woman in Japan sat down to complete the story of her life. The result was an autobiographical narrative, a tale of thirty-six years (1271â€"1306) in the life of Lady Nijo, starting when she became the concubine of a retired emperor in Kyoto at the age of fourteen and ending, several love affairs later, with an account of her new life as a wandering Buddhist nun. Essays in Idleness by Yoshida Kenko, translated by Meredith McKinney (Japan, 1330â€"1332): The Buddhist priest Kenko clung to tradition, Buddhism, and the pleasures of solitude, and the themes he treats in his Essays, written sometime between 1330 and 1332, are all suffused with an unspoken acceptance of Buddhist beliefs. The Book of the City of Ladies by Christine de Pizan, translated by Rosalind Brown-Grant (French Italian, 1405): The pioneering Book of the City of Ladies begins when, feeling frustrated and miserable after reading a male writers tirade against women, Christine de Pizan has a dreamlike vision where three virtuesâ€"Reason, Rectitude and Justiceâ€"appear to correct this view. The Inferno by Dante Alighieri, translated by Robert Hollander (Italy, 1472): Guided by the poet Virgil, Dante plunges to the very depths of Hell and embarks on his arduous journey towards God. The Heptameron by Marguerite Navarre, translated by Paul Chilton (France, 1559): In the early 1500s five men and five women find themselves trapped by floods and compelled to take refuge in an abbey high in the Pyrenees. When told they must wait days for a bridge to be repaired, they are inspiredâ€"by recalling Boccaccios Decameronâ€"to pass the time in a cultured manner by each telling a story every day. The Essays: A Selection by Michel de Montaigne, translated by M.A. Screech (France, late 16th century): To overcome a crisis of melancholy after the death of his father, Montaigne withdrew to his country estates and began to write, and in the highly original essays that resulted he discussed themes such as fathers and children, conscience and cowardice, coaches and cannibals, and, above all, himself. Don Quixote by Miguel Cervantes, translated by Edith Grossman (Spain, 1615): Widely regarded as one of the funniest and most tragic books ever written, Don Quixote chronicles the adventures of the self-created knight-errant Don Quixote of La Mancha and his faithful squire, Sancho Panza, as they travel through sixteenth-century Spain. Sor Juana Ines de la Cruz: Selected Works by Sor Juana Ines de la Cruz, translated by Edith Grossman (Mexico, 17th century): Sor Juana (1651â€"1695) was a fiery feminist and a woman ahead of her time. Like Simone de Beauvoir, she was very much a public intellectual. Her contemporaries called her the Tenth Muse and the Phoenix of Mexico, names that continue to resonate. Selected Letters by Madame de Sévigné, translated by Leonard Tancock (France, 17th century): One of the worlds greatest correspondents, Madame de Sévigné (1626â€"96) paints an extraordinarily vivid picture of France at the time of Louis XIV, in eloquent letters written throughout her life to family and friends. The Princess of Cleves by Madame de La Fayette, translated by Robin Buss (France, 1678): Poised between the fading world of chivalric romance and a new psychological realism, Madame de Lafayettes novel of passion and self-deception marks a turning point in the history of the novel. The Narrow Road to the Deep North by Matsuo Basho, translated by Nobuyuki Yuasa (Japan, 1694): In his perfectly crafted haiku poems, Basho described the natural world with great simplicity and delicacy of feeling. Letters of a Peruvian Woman by Françoise de Graffigny, translated by Jonathan Mallinson (France, 1747): One of the most popular novels of the eighteenth century, the Letters of a Peruvian Woman recounts the story of Zilia, an Inca Virgin of the Sun, who is captured by the Spanish conquistadores and brutally separated from her lover, Aza. The Story of the Stone by Cao Xueqin, translated by David Hawkes (China, mid 18th century): Through the changing fortunes of the Jia family, this rich, magical work sets worldly eventsâ€"love affairs, sibling rivalries, political intrigues, even murderâ€"within the context of the Buddhist understanding that earthly existence is an illusion and karma determines the shape of our lives. The Story of Beauty and the Beast by Madame de Villeneuve, translated by James Robinson Planche (France, 1740): This book contains the original tale by Madame de Villeneuve, first published in 1740. The Sorrows of Young Werther by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, translated by David Constantine (Germany, 1774): Goethes story of a sensitive young artistâ€"an alienated youth of searching introspection and passionate intensityâ€"captured the Romantic sensibility of the day and led to a wave of imitations. Les Liaisons Dangereuses by Pierre Choderlos de Laclos, translated by P.W.K. Stone (France, 1782): the Vicomte de Valmont and the Marquise de Merteuil, form an unholy alliance and turn seduction into a gameâ€"a game which they must win. Voyage Around My Room by Xavier de Maistre, translated by Stephen Sartarelli (France, 1794): Admired by Nietzsche and Machado de Assis, Ossian and Susan Sontag, this classic book proves that sitting on the living-room sofa can be as fascinating as crossing the Alps or paddling up the Amazon. Delphine by Germaine de Staël, translated by Avriel H. Goldberger (France, 1802): Delphine is a profound commentary on the status of women during a critical period of French political history. Delphines eighteenth-century conventional form as an epistolary novel masks its unconventional questioning of accepted values and norms. Indiana by George Sand, translated by Sylvia Raphael (France, 1832): [This novel] is not only a vivid romance, but also an impassioned plea for change in the inequitable French marriage laws of the time, and for a new view of women. The Count of Monte Cristo by Alexandre Dumas, translated by Robin Buss (France, 1844): Thrown in prison for a crime he has not committed, Edmond Dantes is confined to the grim fortress of If. There he learns of a great hoard of treasure hidden on the Isle of Monte Cristo and becomes determined not only to escape but to unearth the treasure and use it to plot the destruction of the three men responsible for his incarceration. Madame Bovary by Gustave Flaubert, translated by Margaret Mauldon (France, 1856): When Emma Rouault marries Charles Bovary she imagines she will pass into the life of luxury and passion that she reads about in sentimental novels and womens magazines. But Charles is a dull country doctor, and provincial life is very different from the romantic excitement for which she yearns. Les Miserables by Victor Hugo, translated by Julie Rose (France, 1862): The story of how the convict Jean-Valjean struggled to escape his past and reaffirm his humanity, in a world brutalized by poverty and ignorance, became the gospel of the poor and the oppressed. Crime and Punishment by Fyodor Dostoevsky, translated by Richard Pevear and Larissa Volokhonsky (Russia, 1866): A troubled young man commits the perfect crime: the murder of a vile pawnbroker whom no one will miss. Anna Karenina by Leo Tolstoy, translated by Richard Pevear and Larissa Volokhonsky (Russia, 1873â€"1877): Anna Karenina tells of the doomed love affair between the sensuous and rebellious Anna and the dashing officer, Count Vronsky. Tragedy unfolds as Anna rejects her passionless marriage and thereby exposes herself to the hypocrisies of society. A Dolls House by Henrik Ibsen, translated by Michael Meyer (Norway, 1879): A Dolls House is a masterpiece of theatrical craft which, for the first time portrayed the tragic hypocrisy of Victorian middle class marriage on stage. The play ushered in a new social era and exploded like a bomb into contemporary life.' The Saga of Gosta Berling by Selma Lagerlof, translated by Paul Norlen (Sweden, 1891): The eponymous hero, a country pastor whose appetite for alcohol and indiscretions ends his career, falls in with a dozen vagrant Swedish cavaliers and enters into a power struggle with the richest woman in the province. Selected Poems of Gabriela Mistral by Gabriela Mistral, translated by Ursula K. LeGuin (Chile, early 20th century): The first Nobel Prize in literature to be awarded to a Latin American writer went to the Chilean poet Gabriela Mistral. Famous and beloved during her lifetime all over Latin America and in Europe, Mistral has never been known in North America as she deserves to be. The Book of Disquiet by Fernando Pessoa, translated by Margaret Jull Costa (Portugal, early 20th century): An autobiography or diary containing exquisite melancholy observations, aphorisms, and ruminations, this classic work grapples with all the eternal questions. The Complete Poems of Anna Akhmatova by Anna Akhmatova, translated by Judith Hemschemeyer (Russia, early 20th century): From the artistic passion of the St Petersburg poets and bohemians, to the collective suffering of a nation, Anna Akhmatova spoke to, and for, the soul of her people. The Cherry Orchard by Anton Chekhov, translated by Michael Heim (Russia, 1904): [The Cherry Orchard] is one of the most critically admired and performed plays in the Western world, a high comedy whose principal theme, the passing of the old semifeudal order, is symbolized in the sale of the cherry orchard owned by Madame Ranevsky. I am a Cat by Soseki Natsume, translated by Katsue Shibata and Motonari Kai (Japan, 1905): The novel-essay I Am a Cat by Soseki Natsume is considered a milestone in contemporary Japanese literature. In it, we have a glimpse of Japanese life at the early part of the twentieth century as seen by a cat. Jakob von Gunten by Robert Walser, translated by Christopher Middleton (Switzerland, 1909): [This novel] tells the story of a seventeen-year-old runaway from an old family who enrolls in a school for servants. Swanns Way: In Search of Lost Time by Marcel Proust, translated by Lydia Davis (France, 1913): Swanns Way is one of the preeminent novels of childhood: a sensitive boys impressions of his family and neighbors, all brought dazzlingly back to life years later by the taste of a madeleine. The Wild Geese by Ogai Mori, translated by Sanford Goldstein (Japan, 1913): In The Wild Geese, prominent Japanese novelist Ogai Mori offers a poignant story of unfulfilled love, set against the background of the dizzying social change accompanying the fall of the Meiji regime. The Metamorphosis by Franz Kafka, translated by Michael Hoffman (Austria-Hungary, 1915): The Metamorphosis is the story of a young man who, transformed overnight into a giant beetle-like insect, becomes an object of disgrace to his family, an outsider in his own home, a quintessentially alienated man. Rashomon and Other Stories by Ryunosuke Akutagawa, translated by Takashi Kojima (Japan, 1915): This fascinating collection gave birth to a new paradigm when Akira Kurosawa made famous Akutagawas disturbing tale of seven people recounting the same incident from shockingly different perspectives. The Home and the World by Rabindranath Tagore, translated by Surendranath Tagore (India, 1916): Set on a Bengali nobles estate in 1908, this is both a love story and a novel of political awakening. The central character, Bimala, is torn between the duties owed to her husband, Nikhil, and the demands made on her by the radical leader, Sandip. Chéri and the Last of Chéri by Colette, translated by Roger Senhouse (France, 1920): Chéri, together with The Last of Chéri, is a classic story of a love affair between a very young man and a charming older woman. Kristin Lavransdatter by Sigrid Undset, translated by Tiina Nunnally (Denmark, 1920â€"1922): In her great historical epic Kristin Lavransdatter, set in fourteenth-century Norway, Nobel laureate Sigrid Undset tells the life story of one passionate and headstrong woman. Siddhartha by Hermann Hesse, translated by Joachim Neugroschel (Germany, 1922): Set in India,  Siddhartha  is the story of a young Brahmins search for ultimate reality after meeting with the Buddha. Diary of a Madman by Lu Xun, translated by William A. Lyell (China, 1920sâ€"1930s): This collection of short stories by Lu Xun includes the celebrated short story, A Madmans Diary is considered to be one of the first and most influential modern works written in vernacular Chinese. The Magic Mountain by Thomas Mann, translated by John E. Woods (Germany, 1924): In this dizzyingly rich novel of ideas, Mann uses a sanatorium in the Swiss Alpsâ€"a community devoted exclusively to sicknessâ€"as a microcosm for Europe, which in the years before 1914 was already exhibiting the first symptoms of its own terminal irrationality. Chaka by Thomas Mofolo, translated by Daniel Kunene (Lesotho, 1925): The author manipulates events leading to Chakas status of great Zulu warrior, conqueror, and king to emphasize classic tragedys psychological themes of ambition and power, cruelty, and ultimate ruin. Miss Sophies Diary and Other Stories by Ding Ling, translated by W.J.F. Jenner (China, 1928): Miss Sophies Diary, by one of Chinas best-known writers, created a sensation when first published in 1928 for the frank portrayal of a young womans ideals and emotions in conflict. Alls Quiet on the Western Front by Erich Maria Remarque, translated by Arthur Wesley Wheen (Germany, 1929): This is the testament of Paul Bäumer, who enlists with his classmates in the German army during World War I. They become soldiers with youthful enthusiasm. But the world of duty, culture, and progress they had been taught breaks in pieces under the first bombardment in the trenches. Grand Hotel by Vicki Baum, translated by Basil Creighton (Austria, 1929): A grand hotel in the center of 1920s Berlin serves as a microcosm of the modern world in Vicki Baum’s celebrated novel, a Weimar-era best seller that retains all its verve and luster today. Letters to a Young Poet by Rainer Maria Rilke, translated by Charlie Louth (Germany, 1929): Written when Rainer Maria Rilke was himself still a young man with most of his greatest work before him, [these letters] are addressed to a student who had sent Rilke some of his work, asking for advice about becoming a writer. The Street of Crocodiles by Bruno Schulz, translated by Celina Wieniewska (Poland, 1934): The Street of Crocodiles in the Polish city of Drogobych is a street of memories and dreams where recollections of Bruno Schulzs uncommon boyhood and of the eerie side of his merchant familys life are evoked in a startling blend of the real and the fantastic. Journey by Moonlight by Antal Szerb, translated by Len Rix (Hungary, 1937): The trouble begins in Venice, the first stop on Erzsi and Mihály’s honeymoon tour of Italy. Here Erzsi discovers that her new husband prefers wandering back alleys on his own to her company. A Riot of Goldfish by Kanoko Okamoto, translated by J. Keith Vincent (Japan, 1937): In early 20th-century Japan, the son of lower-class goldfish sellers falls in love with the beautiful daughter of his rich patron. After he is sent away to study the science of goldfish breeding he vows to devote his life to producing one ideal, perfect goldfish specimen to reflect his loved-ones beauty. Snow Country by Yasunari Kawabata, translated by Edward Seidensticker (Japan, 1937): Nobel Prize winner Yasunari Kawabata’s Snow Country is widely considered to be the writer’s masterpiece: a powerful tale of wasted love set amid the desolate beauty of western Japan. Child of All Nations by Irmgard Keun, translated by Michael Hofmann (Germany, 1938): Kully knows some things you don’t learn at school But there are also things she doesn’t understand, like why there might be a war in Europeâ€"just that there are men named Hitler, Mussolini and Chamberlain involved. Beware of Pity by Stefan Zweig, translated by Phyllis Blewitt and Trevor Blewitt (Austria-Hungary, 1939): The great Austrian writer Stefan Zweig was a master anatomist of the deceitful heart, and Beware of Pity, the only novel he published during his lifetime, uncovers the seed of selfishness within even the finest of feelings. The Stranger by Albert Camus, translated by Matthew Ward (France, 1942): Through the story of an ordinary man unwittingly drawn into a senseless murder on an Algerian beach, Camus explored what he termed the nakedness of man faced with the absurd.' Icelands Bell by Halldor Laxness, translated by Philip Roughton (Iceland, 1943): At the close of the 17th century, Iceland is an oppressed Danish colony, suffering under extreme poverty, famine, and plague. A farmer and accused cord-thief named Jon Hreggvidsson makes a bawdy joke about the Danish king and soon after finds himself a fugitive charged with the murder of the king’s hangman. Love in a Fallen City by Eileen Chang, translated by Karen S. Kingsbury (China, 1943): Written when Chang was still in her twenties, these extraordinary stories combine an unsettled, probing, utterly contemporary sensibility, keenly alert to sexual politics and psychological ambiguity, with an intense lyricism that echoes the classics of Chinese literature. The Makioka Sisters by Junichiro Tanizaki, translated by Edward G. Seidensticker (Japan, 1943â€"1948): Junichiro Tanizaki’s magisterial evocation of a proud Osaka family in decline during the years immediately before World War II is arguably the greatest Japanese novel of the twentieth century and a classic of international literature. Nada by Carmen Laforet, translated by Edith Grossman (Spain, 1944): A modern Spanish classic The novel conveys beautifully the spirit of war-torn, brutalized Barcelona. No Exit by Jean-Paul Sartre, translated by Stuart Gilbert (France, 1944): The play is a depiction of the afterlife in which three deceased characters are punished by being locked into a room together for eternity. Transit by Anna Seghers, translated by Margot Bettauer Dembo (Germany, 1944): Anna Seghers’s Transit is an existential, political, literary thriller that explores the agonies of boredom, the vitality of storytelling, and the plight of the exile with extraordinary compassion and insight. The Diary of a Young Girl by Anne Frank, translated by B.M. Mooyaart (Netherlands, 1947): In 1942, with the Nazis occupying Holland, a thirteen-year-old Jewish girl and her family fled their home in Amsterdam and went into hiding. For the next two years, until their whereabouts were betrayed to the Gestapo, the Franks and another family lived cloistered in the Secret Annexe of an old office building. The Second Sex by Simone de Beauvoir, translated by Constance Borde and Sheila Malovany-Chevallier (France, 1949): Simone de Beauvoir’s essential masterwork is a powerful analysis of the Western notion of woman, and a revolutionary exploration of inequality and otherness. Thus Were Their Faces by Silvina Ocampo, translated by Daniel Balderston (Argentina, mid 20th century): Here are tales of doubles and impostors, angels and demons, a marble statue of a winged horse that speaks, a beautiful seer who writes the autobiography of her own death, a lapdog who records the dreams of an old woman, a suicidal romance, and much else that is incredible, mad, sublime, and delicious. The Poetry of Pablo Neruda by Pablo Neruda, translated by Ilan Stavans (Chile, mid-20th century): This selection of Nerudas poetry, the most comprehensive single volume available in English, presents nearly six hundred poems, scores of them in new and sometimes multiple translations, and many accompanied by the Spanish original. The Complete Stories by Clarice Lispector, translated by Katrina Dodson (Brazil, 1950sâ€"1970s): From one of the greatest modern writers, these stories, gathered from the nine collections published during her lifetime, follow an unbroken time line of success as a writer, from her adolescence to her death bed. Pinjar: The Skeleton and Other Stories by Amrita Pritam, translated by Khushwant Singh (India, 1950): An emotional story of a girlâ€"once kidnapped, even her father refused to accept her. She struggles to return such another girl and succeeds. Waiting for God by Simone Weil, translated by Emma Craufurd (France, 1950): Emerging from the thought-provoking discussions and correspondence Simone Weil had with the Reverend Father Perrin, this classic collection of essays contains the renowned philosopher and social activists most profound meditations on the relationship of human life to the realm of the transcendent. Memoirs of Hadrian by Marguerite Yourcenar, translated by Grace Frick (France, 1951): In [Memoirs of Hadrian], Marguerite Yourcenar reimagines the Emperor Hadrians arduous boyhood, his triumphs and reversals, and finally, as emperor, his gradual reordering of a war-torn world. Bonjour Tristesse by Francois Sagan, translated by Irene Ash (France, 1954): Endearing, self-absorbed, seventeen-year-old Cécile is the very essence of untroubled amorality. Freed from the stifling constraints of boarding school, she joins her fatherfor a carefree, two-month summer vacation in a beautiful villa outside of Paris with his latest mistress, Elsa. The Ten Thousand Things by Maria Dermoût, translated by Hans Koning (Indonesia/Netherlands, 1955): [This novel] is the story of Felicia, who returns with her baby son from Holland to the Spice Islands of Indonesia, to the house and garden that were her birthplace, over which her powerful grandmother still presides. Palace Walk by Naguib Mahfouz, translated by William M. Hutchins and Olive E. Kenny (Egypt, 1956): A national best-seller in both hardcover and paperback, it introduces the engrossing saga of a Muslim family in Cairo during Egypts occupation by British forces in the early 1900s. Arturos Island by Elsa Morante, translated by Isabel Quigley (Italy, 1957): Arturos mother is dead; his father away. Black-clad women care for him, give him the freedom to come and go as he likes. Then the father returns with a new wife, Nunziata, a girl barely older than Arturo. The Waiting Years by Fumiko Enchi, translated by John Bester (Japan, 1957): In a series of colorful, unforgettable scenes, Enchi brilliantly handles the human interplay within the ill-fated Shirakawa family. Memoirs of a Woman Doctor by Nawal El Saadawi, translated by Catherine Cobham (Egypt, 1958): Rebelling against the constraints of family and society, a young Egyptian woman decides to study medicine, becoming the only woman in a class of men. The Planetarium by Nathalie Sarraute, translated by Maria Jolas (France, 1959): A young writer has his heart set on his aunts large apartment. With this seemingly simple conceit, the characters of The Planetarium are set in orbit and a galaxy of argument, resentment, and bitterness erupts. The Open Door by Latifa al-Zayyat, translated by Marilyn Booth (Egypt, 1960): Published in 1960, [this book] was very bold for its time in exploring a middle-class Egyptian girls coming of sexual and political age, in the context of the Egyptian nationalist movement preceding the 1952 revolution. The Book of Lamentations by Rosario Castellanos, translated by Ester Allen (Mexico, 1962): Set in the highlands of the Mexican state of Chiapas, The Book of Lamentations tells of a fictionalized Mayan uprising that resembles many of the rebellions that have taken place since the indigenous people of the area were first conquered by European invaders five hundred years ago. The Death of Artemio Cruz by Carlos Fuentes, translated by Alfred MacAdam (Mexico, 1962): As the novel opens, Artemio Cruz, the all-powerful newspaper magnate and land baron, lies confined to his bed and, in dreamlike flashes, recalls the pivotal episodes of his life. Carlos Fuentes manipulates the ensuing kaleidoscope of images with dazzling inventiveness, layering memory upon memory. Labyrinths by Jorge Luis Borges, translated by Donald A. Yates and James E. Irby (Argentina, 1962): Labyrinths is a representative selection of Borges writing, some forty pieces drawn from various of his books published over the years. The Little Virtues by Natalia Ginzburg, translated by Dick David (Italy, 1962): Ginzburg brings to her reflections the wisdom of a survivor and the spare, wry, and poetically resonant style her readers have come to recognize. Hopscotch: A Novel by Julio Cortazar, translated by Gregory Rabassa (Argentina, 1963): Horacio Oliveira is an Argentinian writer who lives in Paris with his mistress, La Maga, surrounded by a loose-knit circle of bohemian friends who call themselves the Club. A childs death and La Magas disappearance put an end to his life of empty pleasures and intellectual acrobatics. Izas Ballad by Magda Szabo, translated by George Szirtes (Hungary, 1963): Iza’s Ballad is a striking story of the relationship between two women, in this case a mother and a daughter. The Sailor Who Fell from Grace with the Sea by Yukio Mishima, translated by John Nathan (Japan, 1963): Yukio Mishima’s The Sailor Who Fell From Grace With the Sea explores the vicious nature of youth that is sometimes mistaken for innocence. They Divided the Sky by Christa Wolf, translated by Luise von Flotow (Germany, 1963): They Divided the Sky tells the story of a young couple, living in the new, socialist, East Germany, whose relationship is tested to the extreme not only because of the political positions they gradually develop but, very concretely, by the Berlin Wall, which went up on August 13, 1961. A Personal Matter by Kenzaburo Oe, translated by John Nathan (Japan, 1964): A Personal Matter is the story of Bird, a frustrated intellectual in a failing marriage whose Utopian dream is shattered when his wife gives birth to a brain-damaged child. The Ravishing of Lol Stein by Marguerite Duras, translated by Richard Seaver (France, 1964): Lol Stein is a beautiful young woman, securely married, settled in a comfortable lifeâ€"and a voyeur. Returning with her husband and children to the town where, years before, her fiancé had abandoned her for another woman, she is drawn inexorably to recreate that long-past tragedy. Closely Watched Trains by Bohumil Hrabal, translated by Edith Pargeter (Czech, 1965): Hrabals postwar classic about a young mans coming of age in German-occupied Czechoslovakia is among his most popular works. Milos Hrma is a timid railroad apprentice who insulates himself with fantasy against a reality filled with cruelty and grief. The Doctors Wife by Sawako Ariyoshi, translated by Wakako Hironaka (Japan, 1966): Thus, this novel is really two stories: on the one hand, the successful medical career of Hanaoka Seishu, the first doctor in the world to perform surgery for breast cancer under a general anesthetic; on the other hand, the lives of his wife and his mother. The Master and Margarita by Mikhail Bulgakov, translated by Richard Pevear and Larissa Volokhonsky (Russia, 1966): Mikhail Bulgakov’s fantastical, funny, and devastating satire of Soviet life combines two distinct yet interwoven parts, one set in contemporary Moscow, the other in ancient Jerusalem, each brimming with historical, imaginary, frightful, and wonderful characters. One Hundred Years of Solitude by Gabriel Garcia Marquez, translated by Gregory Rabassa (Colombia, 1967): One Hundred Years of Solitude tells the story of the rise and fall, birth and death of the mythical town of Macondo through the history of the Buendia family. What are your favorite classics in translation? Any that I missed?  

Gender Roles and Stereotypes Explored in Judy Manns The...

Gender Roles and Stereotypes Explored in Judy Manns The The Difference: Growing Up Female in America and Bernard Lefkowitzs Our Guys Gender stereotypes are common in the United States today, even though many men and women have been working hard to defeat it. The task is made difficult however, when society in general implants the idea of gender roles into the mind of a child. Two authors, Judy Mann of The Difference and Bernard Lefkowitz of Our Guys face the issue of gender roles and stereotypes, and how they affect our lives today. Our Guys focuses on the way that young boys are brought up by society by telling the true story of a group of Glen Ridge, New Jersey teenage boys who sexually assaulted a young retarded girl.†¦show more content†¦The fact that the ‘guys’ were brought up to be domineering and sports oriented made them a perfect match for Glen Ridge and a terror for society. They lived for sports and for the power it brought them, for as Lefkowitz points out, Glen Ridge was football (72). If one didn’t like or didn’t play the game, he or she was a nobody (72). For the parents of Glen Ridge teenagers, it was a fate worse than death to have a son uninterested in football or sports in general (73). It was this obsession over football and the boys’ ability to play it that granted them so many liberties. Jocks get drunk at parties. Jocks acted boorishly on occasion. Sometimes jocks were a little more aggressive with girls than good manners permitted (73). A ll of these actions were overlooked however because they were being boys and it was thought that they would grow out of it. This is the underlying base of Lefkowitz’s book, that the behavior of the guys was assumed to be stereotypical, and therefore all right. What kind of justice is that for the girl who were the victims of such aggression? Assuming that they would grow out of such behavior is ludicrous, yet it remained the solution to the problem of jock behavior; let them grow up, no harm done (73). But irreversible damage had already been done to the teens involved in the case, not to mention their peers. The boys had lived rooted in aggression. A characteristic that strong and

The Great Depression Was A Dark Period - 859 Words

The Great Depression was a dark period in the history of the United States, which affected all the economic sectors of the Americans’ lifestyle and greatly suppressed the economic status of the United States, despite so closely following an era that appeared to offer much economic prosperity. There are many contributing factors and causes for this time of poverty and despair, however, some events may have contributed more to the Great Depression than others. These would include events such as the stock market crash of 1929, the maldistribution of purchasing power (overproduction), and also America’s position in international trade. These all greatly impacted America’s future and resulted in the great depression being inevitable. Both domestic and international factors led to the Great Depression, and one of the domestic factors involves the 1929 crash in the stock market. This event has come to be known as â€Å"The Great Crash.† It was in autumn of 1929 that the market actually began to fall apart. October 29, â€Å"Black Tuesday,† marked the day in which all efforts to save the market had failed. Throughout the 1920s, stock prices had been rising steadily, but in 1928 and 1929 they surged forward and the prices of stocks greatly rose and when they reached their peak most people sold their stocks to earn a profit. So many people sold their stocks at a rapid rate that the corporations were unable to pay the shareholders. In this time frame, over sixteen million shares of stock wereShow MoreRelatedThe Hardships through the Life of Pablo Picasso700 Words   |  3 Pagespoverty and hardships in his life. He knew what it was like to be at the bottom of societies standards. He dropped out of school at age 16 to pursue a better art education. Picasso and one of his close friends moved to Paris looking better art opportunities. 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Nutrition in Fitness and Sport Free Essays

string(29) " the risk of protein losses\." Final Case Study: A Teenage Female Champion Grace MacMillan Nutrition for Fitness and Sport Introduction Ice hockey is characterized by high intensity intermittent skating, rapid changes in velocity, lengthy duration and frequent body contact (1). The typical player performs for 15 to 20 minutes of a 60 minute game (1). Each shift lasts from 30 to 90 seconds with 4 to 4 minutes of recovery between shifts. We will write a custom essay sample on Nutrition in Fitness and Sport or any similar topic only for you Order Now The intensity of a particular shift is determined be the duration and the extent of the contribution from aerobic to anaerobic energy systems by the player (1). In order to accommodate the body for these high intensity bursts and length of activity the player must develop muscle strength, power and anaerobic endurance in addition to a good aerobic system (1). Hockey players tend to have a mesomorphic structure and are relatively lean to positively influence their skating performance (1). For my nutrition analysis I chose an adolescent female hockey player. As far as teenage athletes go, AC has already more than filled her resume with an abundance of accomplishments including a gold medal from the 2012 IIHF World Women’s U18 Championship, the 2011 Tier 1 Under 19 U. S. National Championship, the 2010 Under 16 U. S. National Championship and the 2009 Atlantic Challenge Cup in addition to representing Team Nova Scotia at the 2011 Canada Winter Games. As a student at the private hockey prep school of Sattuck-St. Mary’s in Faribauly, Minnesota she is limited to a very specific selection of food on campus as she is a boarding student there. Female athletes are faced daily with the challenge of meeting the nutrient requirements for growth and development in addition to sport performance (2). Due to the wide range of physiological demands a large proportion of female athletes regularly do not meet DRI’s for a number of macro and micronutrients some of which include vitamin D, folate, vitamin E and calcium (2). The current research illustrates the challenges that female athletes may face, otherwise known as the â€Å"female athlete triad† which include disordered eating, amenorrhea and osteoporosis (3). Furthermore, female teenage athletes have found to have relatively low energy intake and inadequate intakes of certain nutrients which are observed to improve seasonally in correspondence to their in-season and off-season, respectively (4). Assessment Part A: Objective Data AC is a 17 year old female who is currently 68. 95kg at 1. 73m tall and has reported to have a 21% body fat composition, which equates to a normal BMI of 23. AC communicated the desire to cut weight to 65. 7kg, which equates to a normal BMI of 22 by August 1st 2012 in preparation for her next achievement of playing for Team Canada in the Olympics. In the patient’s case it would be more appropriate to use the body fat percentage to measure weight loss because the losses will be in body fat not lean body mass (5). Fortunately in preparation of this event, AC is required to fill out a daily reflection including food log, physical activity as defined by strength training, cardio and core exercise and personal r eflection. Thus, from the data given to me I have chosen to pick 3 weekdays and 3 weekend days to analyze. In summary, in-season she participates twice weekly with a strength training workout for approximately one hour and ice skating (practice) every day for approximately 1 hour and 15 minutes. As part of school extra circular activities she incorporates basketball 3 times weekly for 45 minutes in addition to games once to twice weekly. During the off-season she strives to maintain 4 days per week of strength training exercise, in addition to skating twice a week and running for approximately an hour each day. The raw data can be viewed in appendix A. Part B: Analysis of the Data The analysis of AC’s daily reflection reveals that as most female athletes she does not meet the required amount of energy for her physical activity level and body structure, but due to her current goal of losing weight, restricting calories while maintaining the recommended amount of servings as per the Canada’s Food Guide does not put her at risk for any of the symptoms of the female triad. AC’s diet analysis reveals that although she is meeting her calcium requirement, other nutrients of concern as revealed by the literature review such as vitamin D, E and folate are not being met. AC is currently taking a multivitamin but was unable to describe in any detail in the interview type or contents (as her mother sends them too her from home) but the vitamin most likely supplies micronutrient needs. Furthermore, in most cases AC is effective with meal timing, especially when you look at her inclusion of mid-morning snacks most days, which tend to be the days where a morning practice or working out is has occured. In regards to AC’s recommended food guide servings, as analyzed in appendix B, she meets her dairy servings all of the time, meat and alternative servings most of the time but only meets her fruit and vegetable and grain servings half some of the time. This further eliminates the risk of osteoporosis and protein losses, thus, analysis should focus on grain servings to promote increased carbohydrate consumption and reaching daily servings of fruits and vegetables. If we calculate AC’s carbohydrate (CHO) requirement as a recommendation based on body weight (per kg) and expressed as total grams per day considering her sport as intermittent high intensity she requires approximately 400g – 680g CHO/day. This amount can easily be adjusted daily in correspondence to the amount of exercise and energy level to accommodate weight loss. The average CHO intake was 246. 67g per day which equates to approximately 1000 Kcal per day but only nearly half of the recommended CHO consumption. As the role of protein is to build and repair tissue, consuming the recommended serving amounts is extremely important to protect herself against the risk of protein losses. You read "Nutrition in Fitness and Sport" in category "Essay examples" If we calculate AC`s protein (PRO) requirement as a recommendation based on body weight (per kg) and expressed as total grams per day considering her sport as intermittent high intensity she requires approximately 89g – 103g PRO/day. To protect against protein losses and maintain existing muscle, timing of consumption becomes extremely important. After exercise protein sources should be consumed immediately after (stage 1) and within 2 hours after (stage 2) but should not exceed more than 1. 6g/kg per day (5). The average PRO intake was 104g per day which equates to approximately 417. 33 Kcal per day and exceeds her recommended protein intake slightly. As some dietary fat is essential to cell development and synthesis, and the recommended amounts range from 20-35% of the dietary energy intake are required. In comparison to her recommended range of fat intake as described by EatTracker, AC is not usually achieving her recommended amount of fat as her average fat intake was 42g per day which equates to approximately 378 Kcal, which is just less than 12% daily intake from fat. Lastly, fluids impact the regulation of body temperature, hydration and remove metabolic excretions which all improve athletic performance. Sweat rates and hydration level are affected by the duration, environmental temperature and intensity of the exercise the participant is engaged in, ergo, water needs are fairly diverse. As a regular participant in vigorous and enduring exercise AC’s fluid recommendations would be fairly high. AC reported to consume at least one cup of water usually at every meal and drinks as much as 2L over the duration of any length of exercise. Nutrition Plan and Recommendations In regards to the literature review of typical female athlete concerns, AC is an ideal patient considering she does not show any symptoms of the female athlete triad and although weight loss is desired, she has determined an appropriate weight loss and time frame to achieve her goal by maintaining food guide recommendations while reducing energy intake. AC has described an appropriate goal of losing 3. 18kg over 8 months (as the goal was acknowledged in January) to increase athletic performance and maintain good health by reducing body fat. To improve weight loss results AC should consume a number of small frequent meals that have a high proportion of CHO to maintain blood glucose levels and moderate protein levels to ensure adequate replacement of lean protein tissue (5). Although AC is typically meeting her Food Guide recommendations, she needs to ensure adequate energy intake of approximately 2700 Kcal/day and devise energy into 5-6 small meals every day. Some days she is just barely consuming 1200 Kcal which is not enough energy to keep her body strong and maintain muscle tissue when considering the amount of physical demand on the body from the substantial amount of exercise. An energy reduction of 500 Kcal (2700kcal/day from 3200kcal/day) is appropriate to reduce weight by approximately 0. 45kg (1lb) per week, reducing weight by approximately 3. 6kg over 8 weeks. This gives the participant approximately 24 weeks to maintain and stabilize weight loss. As AC’s physical activity participation is generally stable it is more appropriate to request stable and reduced energy intakes versus increasing physical activity duration (5). Further recommendations for AC would be to monitor weight changes during exercise to ensure adequate hydration status. Before exercise, increase fluid intake and reduce fat and fiber intake to facilitate gastric emptying and minimize GI upsets (5). During and after exercise consume fluids to replace sweat losses and maintain hydration status, which may include incorporating a sport drink to replenish water, carbohydrate and electrolyte levels. To increase consumption, ensure fluids are chilled to approximately 10 degrees Celsius (5). Advise that most liquids including milk, water, soup, 100% percent juices and sports drinks all contribute to fluid intake recommendation. * I would advise AC to increase carbohydrate and fat intake by adding a carbohydrate rich snack in the afternoon each day and increase fat of dairy products. A recommended meal plan using the ‘Beyond the Basics’ guidelines can be viewed in appendix G taking into consideration AC’s limited food choices, EER, carbohydrate, protein and fat recommendations. Appendix A: AC’s Daily Reflections Appendix B: Nutritional Analysis via eaTracker (Dietitians of Canada) January 7 2012 Food Group Analysis Nutrient Analysis January 10 2012 Food Group Analysis Nutrient Analysis January 16 2012 Food Group Analysis Nutrition Analysis January 21 2012 Food Group Analysis Nutrient Analysis January 23 2012 Food Group Analysis Nutrient Analysis January 30 2012 Food Group Analysis Nutrient Analysis Appendix C: Overview of Vitamin Intake Analysis via eaTracker (Dietitians of Canada) Appendix D: Estimate Energy Requirements Calculation Female (age 9-18) = 135. 3 – 30. 8 x Age + [PA x (10. 0 x Wt. + 934 x Ht. )] + 25 = 135. 3 – 30. x Age + [1. 56 (10. 0 x 68. 95kg + 934 x 1. 73m)] + 25 = 3233 kcal/day ? 3200 kcal/day Appendix E: Carbohydrate Requirements As a percent of 3200 Kcal and expressed as total grams per day = 55 – 60% x 3200Kcal = 1760 – 1920Kcal / day = 1760 – 1920 Kcal / 4 Kcal/g ? 440 – 480 g CHO/day As a recommendation based on body weight (per kg) and expressed as total grams per day considering her sport as intermittent high intensity = 6 – 10g/kg x 68. 95kg = 413. 7g – 689. 5g CHO/day ? 400g – 680g CHO/day Appendix F: Protein Requirements As a recommendation based on body weight (per kg) and expressed as total grams per day = 1. 3g/kg – 1. g/kg x 68. 95kg = 89. 64g – 103. 43g PRO/day ? 89g – 103g PRO/day Appendix G: Meal Plan Breakfast 1 cup 100% fruit juice, 1 large banana, 1 slice French toast, 2 tbsp maple syrup, 1 cup yogurt Morning Snack 1 Instant Oatmeal pouch, 2 tbsp peanut butter, 1 med. apple Lunch 1 cups 2% milk, 1 cup pasta, ? cup ground beef, ? cup tomato sauce, 1 cup strawberries Afternoon Snack 12 crackers, 1 medium orange Supper 1 cup 2% milk, 1 cup rice, 1 chicken breast, ? cup carrots, ? cup kernel corn Evening snack 24 tortilla chips, ? cup salsa Appendix H: Meal Plan Analysis via eaTracker (Dietitians of Canada) Food Group Analysis of Meal Plan: Nutrient Analysis References 1. Montgomery DL. Physiology of Ice Hockey. Sports Med. 1988;5(2):99-126. 2. Gibson JC, Stuard-Hill L, Martin S and Gaul C. Nutritional status of junior elite Canadian female soccer athletes. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab. 2011;21(6):507-14. 3. Gabel K. Special nutritional concerns for the female athlete. ACSM. 2006;5(4):187-191. 4. Ziegler P et al. Nutritional status of teenage female competitive figure skaters. J Amer Diet Assoc. 2002;102(3):374-379. 5. Williams MH. Nutrition for Health, Fitness and Sport. 9th Ed. New York: McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc; 2010. 6. Dufour, A. Introduction to Protein Powerpoint. Bedford, MSVU; 2012. 7. Dufour, A. Practical Applications of Protein (PRO) Powerpoint. Bedford, MSVU; 2012. 8. Convertino, V. A, Armstrong L. E. , Coyle, W. F. , et al. (1996). American College of Sports Medicine Position Stand: Exercise and Fluid Replacement. American College of Sports Medicine, 517-521. 9. Dufour, A. Energy Metabolism and Carbohydrates Powerpoint. Bedford, MSVU; 2011. 10. Dieticians of Canada. EatTracker. Dieticians of Canada; 2012. 11. Canadian Diabetes Association. Beyond the Basics: Meal Planning for Healthy Eating, Diabetes Prevention and Management, Version 2. Toronto: Canadian Diabetes Association; 2005. How to cite Nutrition in Fitness and Sport, Essay examples

Leadership and Communication

The suggested article by de Vries, Bakker-Pieper, and Oostenveld (2009) has led me to the following assumptions.  First of all, the study has made me think about the importance of communication which may vary depending on the type of leadership but cannot be denied.Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on Leadership and Communication specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The idea of equating leadership to communication, as the authors suggest, is not valid for every leadership style. Still, it appears to be logical that the specifics of leadership are manifested through the type of communication the leader prefers. Therefore, communication is not only the means of knowledge and information exchange, but it is also a leadership tool that may be used to increase the employees’ satisfaction, trust, respect, and devotion (De Vries et al., 2009, p. 371). According to the article, the possible ways of achieving this result include (but are not limited to) exhibiting assuredness, argumentativeness, lack of verbal aggressiveness, preciseness, and supportiveness (De Vries et al., 2009, p. 369). It was especially important for me to receive a kind of scientific confirmation to the effectiveness of supportive leadership behavior (De Vries et al., 2009, p. 377). It is connected to my personal beliefs concerning leadership.  Apart from that, the suggested article proves that either communication style has its positive outcomes. While I have to admit that the human-oriented leadership is the one that appeals to me, every leadership model appears to have its advantages. For example, the positive qualities of a task-oriented leader include assuredness and preciseness (De Vries et al., 2009, p. 377). It is the latter of them that I consider especially important. In my opinion (which is supported by personal experience) vague goals are extremely disturbing for followers and reduce the trust and resp ect that a leader may potentially inspire. Since I would always respect a leader who is capable of providing consistent and clear instructions, I intend to pay particular attention to the preciseness of my own communication style in future. Taking into account the fact that different communication styles offer various opportunities, incorporating the elements of several models appears to be a promising activity. It could be useful to point out that the models suggested to us by the previous studies are complex and extensive, but there is always a limitation to them.Advertising Looking for critical writing on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In my opinion the generalized ideas that describe the way people appreciate different kinds of communication or leadership may be misleading, even though they do provide useful guidelines. In the process of leadership, a variety of suggested models can be used, and their choice is determined by the specific circumstances and the characteristics of the group the leader works with. I am not trying to diminish the importance of scientific works, but I attempt to highlight the importance of practical experience. Therefore, I assume that a leader may and should custom his or her own communication and other leadership tools to achieve better results depending on any particular circumstances. I wonder, though, if my peers would agree with me on the matter. This is the first issue I would like to suggest for the class discussion. The second one is connected to the previous conclusion. Since the process of leadership requires customizing communication models to suit the changing environment, it also presupposes flexibility and quick thinking. At the same time, I realize that leaders must be consistent in their actions, and, therefore, there must be a limit to their flexibility. The question of balance is always a controversial one, and I would like to discu ss this issue with my peers to achieve a more comprehensive conclusion. Reference De Vries, R., Bakker-Pieper, A., Oostenveld, W. (2009). Leadership = Communication? The Relations of Leaders’ Communication Styles with Leadership Styles, Knowledge Sharing and Leadership Outcomes. Journal Of Business Psychology, 25(3), 367-380. doi:10.1007/s10869-009-9140-2 This critical writing on Leadership and Communication was written and submitted by user Isabell Wilkinson to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Differential Psychology Essay Example

Differential Psychology Essay Example Differential Psychology Essay Differential Psychology Essay Differential Psychology studies the ways in which individuals differ in their behavior. This is distinguished from other aspects of psychology in that although psychology is ostensibly a study of individuals, modern psychologists often study  groups  or biological underpinnings of cognition. EXAMPLE In evaluating the effectiveness of a new therapy, the mean performance of the therapy in one  treatment group  might be compared to the mean effectiveness of a  placebo  (or a well-known therapy) in a second, control group. In this context, differences between individuals in their reaction to the experimental and control manipulations are actually treated as errors rather than as interesting phenomena to study. This is because  psychological research  depends upon statistical controls that are only defined upon groups of people. Individual difference psychologists usually express their interest in individuals while studying groups by seeking dimensions shared by all individuals but upon which individuals differ. Importance of individual differences Individual differences are essential whenever we wish to explain how individuals differ in their behavior. In any study, significant variation exists between individuals. Reaction time, preferences, values, and health-linked behaviors are just a few examples. Individual differences in factors such as  personality,  intelligence,  memory, or physical factors such as body size, sex, age, and other factors can be studied and used in understanding this large source of variance. Importantly, individuals can also differ not only in their current state, but in the magnitude or even direction of response to a given  stimulus. Such phenomena, often explained in terms of  inverted-U  response curves, place differential psychology at an important location in such endeavours as  personalized medicine, in which diagnoses are customised for an individuals response profile. Areas of study Individual differences research typically includes  personality,  motivation,  intelligence, bility,  IQ,  interests,  values,  self-concept,  self-efficacy, and  self-esteem  (to name just a few). There are few remaining differential psychology programs in the United States, although research in this area is very active. Current researchers are found in a variety of applied and experimental programs, includingeducational psychology,  Industrial and organizational psychology,  personality psychology,  social psychology, and  developmental psycholog y  programs, in the  neo-Piagetian theories of cognitive development  in particular.

Lorna Dee Cervantes - Feminist Chicana Voice

Lorna Dee Cervantes - Feminist Chicana Voice article edited with additions by  Jone Johnson Lewis Born: 1954 in San FranciscoKnown For: Chicana poetry, feminism, writing that bridges cultures Lorna Dee Cervantes is recognized as a significant voice in feminist and Chicana poetry. In fact, she has referred to her adoption of the label Chicana as a feminist identification within the Chicano movement.   She is critically acclaimed for writing poetry that bridges cultures and explores gender and various points of view. Background Born in San Francisco and raised in San Jose, California, Lorna Dee Cervantes has Mexican and Chumash heritage on her mothers side and Tarascan Indian heritage on her fathers side. When she was born, her family had been in California for several generations; she has called herself indigenous Californian.   She was raised in her maternal grandmothers home, where she discovered books in homes where her mother worked as a domestic worker. Lorna Dee Cervantes became an activist when she was a teenager. She was involved with the Womens Liberation Movement, NOW, the Farm Workers Movement, and the American Indian Movement (AIM), among other causes. Poetry Debut Lorna Dee Cervantes began writing poetry as a teenager and compiled a collection of her poems at age 15. Although her debut poetry collection, Emplumada, was published in 1981, she was a recognized poet before that publication. She participated in the San Jose poetry scene, and in 1974 she read one of her poems at a theater festival performance in Mexico City, which brought her accolades and attention in Mexico. A Rising Chicana Star It was not unusual to hear Chicano/a poetry performed as spoken word, not just consumed as a written medium. Lorna Dee Cervantes was a prominent voice of the rising generation of Chicana writers during the 1970s. In addition to writing and performing poetry, she founded Mango Publications in 1976. She also published a journal called Mango. The heady days of running a small press from the kitchen table led to further involvement with Chicano writers such as Sandra Cisneros, Alberto Rios, and Jimmy Santiago Baca. Womens Experiences Early in her poetry career, Lorna Dee Cervantes reflected on her mother and grandmother in her writing. She contemplated their place in society as women and as Chicana women. Chicana feminists often wrote of the struggles they faced fitting into white society, paralleled with the struggles of gender in society. Lorna Dee Cervantes described Emplumada as a womans coming-of-age and as a rebellion against the male-dominated Chicano movement. She resented being considered disloyal to Chicano social justice ideals when she pointed out sexism in the movement. Poems such as You Cramp My Style Baby directly confront the sexism in Chicano men and how Chicana women were treated as second class. When her mother was killed brutally after Emplumada had been published, she integrated grief and and a strong sense of injustice in her 1991 work. From the Cables of Genocide: Poems of Love and Hunger. Themes of love, hunger, genocide, grief, interweave with her understandings of culture and women, and with a vision of what affirms life. Other Work Lorna Dee Cervantes attended Cal State San Jose and UC Santa Cruz. She was a professor at the University of Colorado Boulder from 1989-2007 and briefly directed the Creative Writing program there. She received multiple prizes and fellowships, including the Lila Wallace Readers Digest Award, the Pushcart Prize, NEA fellowship grants, and the American Book Award for Emplumada. Other books by Lorna Dee Cervantes include   and Drive: The First Quartet (2005). Her work continues to reflect her ideals of social justice, eco-consciousness, and peace.

Four HR Questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Four HR Questions - Essay Example However, it is vital to note that the decisions taken under particular situation may not hold good for all situations, in fact they may give negative results under different circumstances. This implies that effective leadership calls for consistently making situation based decisions. From literature, situational leadership advocates for greater participation of employee in decision making on the premise that the more employees participate in decision making the more they will accept the decisions taken. It with this line of thought that Vroom and Yetton (1973) proposed a Situational leadership model called the normative decision model. The normative model identifies five different decision procedures that range on the situation and level of involvement from autocratic to consultative to group-based decisions. Even though, situational leadership advocates for greater employee participation, Vroom and Yetton (1973) identified that not all decision making situations need to go throu gh the process of consultation. To enable leaders isolate the instances where decision making would require consultation from those where consultations would add little value, Vroom and Yetton (1973) formulated seven questions which leaders can use to determine the level of subordinate involvement in decision making. The seven questions touch on problem information, commitment, and decision quality and acceptance. Putting Vroom and Yetton (1973) normative model to use it can be discovered that consultation would be a waste of time in the following circumstances: (1) where the leader has sufficient information to make a high quality decision and acceptance of the decision by subordinates is not critical for its implementation; (2) where neither the nature of the solution nor the acceptance of the decision by subordinates is critical to the implementation of the decision; (3) where the nature of the solution is not critical and whatever the leader decides it is reasonably certain th at his / her subordinates would accept; (4) where the nature of the solution is critical but the leader has sufficient information to make a high quality decision. In this instance even though the acceptance of the decision by subordinates would be critical to its implementation, if the leader is reasonable certain that he / she has sufficient influence over his / her subordinates to the extent that they would most certainly accept his / her decision then consultations would be a waste of time. In conclusion, to enable effective decision making a leader would find using Vroom and Yetton (1973) seven questions and normative model a critical tool that will save him / her time, effort and likelihood of success for the decisions that he / she takes. Identify the potential difference in human resource management (HRM) policies between two organizations where one follows a low-cost strategy and the other follows a differentiated, quality enhancement

BUS 187 Project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

BUS 187 Project - Essay Example Hofstede also emphasized on the understanding of people’s behavior and thus their previous, present and future behavior can be predicted (Hofstede, 150). In this regard, five dimensions of culture have been identified: uncertainty avoidance, power distance, and masculinity versus femininity, individualism versus collectivism and long term versus short term orientation. France exhibit; 15-16 power distance, 10-11 individualism, 35-36 masculinity and 10-15 and uncertainty avoidance (Hofstede, 180). Individualism and collectivism have been cited as the most important aspects in which societies differ. According to Patwardhan (249), the understanding of the difference between individualistic and collectivist society is crucial in understanding consumer behavior (Patwardhan, 249). France with individualism versus collectivism index of 10th and 11th shows that it is highly individualistic. This shows that both countries are not compatible with direct selling as a strategy. Since France is highly individualistic, the ties between individuals are loose thus actions are rarely taken in a collective manner and everyone is expected to bother much about his or her immediate families (Patwardhan, 250). In this respect, the interest of French society does not prevail over the interest of individual members of the society. This is a very key factor L’OREA L Company in designing the brands and their respective marketing, promotional and advertisement campaigns. Unlike collectivism, the French think of themselves as â€Å"I† and do not act collectively or draw their identity from the society. This analysis therefore presents the consumer behavior of France which must be considered in marketing. France as an individualistic society does not promote direct selling as a mode of promotion of products. However, advertisement is likely to perform very well in

The Invisible Man Book Report English Literature Essay

The Invisible Man Book Report English Literature Essay The novel begins in a town called Iping, where Griffin arrives at a local inn called The Coach and Horses. Griffin does not want anyone to know of his invisibility, and therefor wears large clothes that cover his whole body, as well as goggles and bandages that cover his whole face. The owner of the inn, Mrs. Hall, notices the odd apparel and inquires about it. The reader learns quickly, however, that Griffin likes to keep to himself and does not entertain Mrs. Hall with reason for his bandages and goggles. He informs her that he is an investigative reporter and has supplies that need to be shipped to the inn. To his dismay, she informs him that they would not arrive until the following day. When his possessions do finally arrive, they consist mostly of bottles and beakers. What he does with them is unknown to the rest of the town due to his extreme level of privacy and seclusion. Within only a few days of arrive in Iping, Griffin breaks into the house of Mr. Bunting, who is the town vicar. Although Mr. Bunting hears Griffin, he is unable to see him as Griffin is completely naked, making him entirely invisible. That same morning following the robbery, the inn keepers notice Griffins door is open and they enter the room. They notice that Griffins only clothes were on the floor, but Griffin was nowhere to be seen. As they are snooping through the room, inanimate objects begin to leap at them, eventually pushing them out of the room. Later, Mr. and Mrs. Bunting confront Griffin regarding the incident and demand rent money. Griffin eventually reveals to the townspeople that he is invisible. It is also learned 2 that Griffin had been the thief, but when the police try to capture Griffin, he strips off his clothes and runs away. Soon after escaping the town, Griffin runs into a bum by the name of Mr. Marvel. At first, Mr. Marvel believes he is hearing spirits and is scared. Griffin convinces Mr. Marvel that he is indeed invisible and forces Mr. Marvel to assist him. Together, they return to Iping and The Coach and Horses where Griffin steals some clothes while Mr. Marvel gets Griffins belongings. After the robbery, Mr. Marvel tries to run away from Griffin and tell the police what had happened. Mr. Marvel retreats to an inn in the town of Burdock. Griffin tries to break into the inn to get Marvel, but instead ends up getting shot and badly injured. Griffin finds a nearby house to break into to doctor his injuries. The house turns out to belong to Dr. Kemp, who Griffin had coincidentally gone to medical school with. Griffin gives insight into his life leading up until the time he turned himself invisible. He lists events and circumstances that led to him turning himself invisible. Griffin also explains to Dr. Kemp that he had planned to try and make himself visible again. Since that had failed, Gri ffin says he now plans on beginning a à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Reign of Terrorà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ , where he would terrorize the entire country. Griffin desires for Dr. Kemp to help him, but Kemp realizes that Griffin is crazy and has no intention of helping him. Instead, Kemp alerts the police. When an officer arrives, Griffin beats up both Kemp and the officer and fleas the scene. Griffin decides that Kemp will now be the first person he kills during his Reign of Terror, and conveniently leaves a note for Kemp letting him know his plan. Kemp then devises a plan to capture the Invisible Man. While the plan is being delivered by one of Kemps servants, Griffin attacks her and steals the plans. Later, Griffin breaks into Kemps house yet again, this time to attack him. Kemp runs from his home to town. There he alerts a man of what is going on. People in the town realize what is happening, and when Griffin attempts to kill Kemp, the townspeople beat Griffin to death. There are several themes that can be derived from the novel. However, the most relevant appears to be the theme of intolerance. Clearly, being invisible made Griffin different from everyone assumed the worst of him and reject him as a person who needs help. Instead of trying to understand the situation and attempt to help Griffin, the townspeople simply made the situation worse. Eventually Griffin can no longer withstand the rejection, which causes his already fragile mental state to break down, leaving him feeling so much hate for everyone, to the point where he comes up with his Reign of Terror idea. Another theme is rational, logical thinking. Many characters, whether it be the townspeople or Griffin, display a lack of reasonable thought process. As previously mentioned, the townspeople dont give much thought to what they will do to Griffin; they simply want him gone and out of their hair. Griffin also doesnt seem to make the smart choice when it comes to how he handles his invisibility. Instead of taking credit for creating a substance that turns him invisible, he tries to hide and undo it. Had he made it a positive thing instead of a shameful thing to hide, he may have been more successful in life. In conclusion, The Invisible Man is a book that failed to truly capture my attention and certainly didnt stand out in comparison to other novels that I have read. However, it does contain a unique story plot as well as themes and morals that can be learned from if one takes the time to study and apply them to everyday life.

Lafleur Trading Company Selected Service Request Analysis Essay

These days, being a long-established business is not enough for success. Look at companies like Hewlett-Packard, Research In Motion, and Blockbuster Video. These companies failed in the task of collecting data, analyzing that data, and making intelligent decisions based on that data and now they are either slowly failing, losing market share, or, in Blockbuster’s case, already declared bankruptcy and doing whatever it can to stay in business. Lafleur Trading Company is currently at a crossroads in its efforts to stay viable in its market. Outdating network infrastructure and non-existent business intelligence processes could bring the company to its knees and see the doors to the business close for good. Service Request SR-lf-001 addresses this problem and outlines a solution to modernize the infrastructure and it’s data collection and retention process. The Organization Lafleur is a 37-year-old company that supplies the world with the finest foods and wines. Lafleur have trading partners across the planet. Lafleur buyers deal with reputable producers and exporters so you the consumer can be assured the highest quality. The buyers that Lafleur trade with ensure the products are â€Å"organic† and meet health, ethics, and lifestyle needs. Lafleur has the latest technology to get the products from the producers to you as quickly as possible and at the lowest price possible. Company Description Lafleur Trading Company’s mission statement is to â€Å"provide our customers with the highest quality foods at a reasonable price. While profit is important, Lafleur Trading Company recognizes that they have responsibilities to corporate citizens, customers, employees, our community, and to the world. Lafleur will act fairly and justly in the conduct of business.† (LaFleur, 2012) The life-blood of Lafleur business is the employees. They are theface of the company and the customer’s perception of the company is how the employees interact with them. Since the customer’s recognitions are through company employees, the organization of the company must meet the needs of the customer. The overview organizational flow chart shows the positions that report directly and indirectly to the Chief Operations Officer (COD) of Lafleur Trading Company. The Chief Operations Officer reports to the Chief Executive Officer (CEO). The Chief Operations Officer supervises the Director of Sales and Marketing, the Director of Human Resources, the Director of Warehouse Operations and the Director of Purchasing. Sales and marketing supervises ten Salespersons, a Marketing Manager and a Development Staff of five members. The Director of Human Resources supervises a Staffing Specialist, a Labor Relations Specialist and a Benefits Coordinator. The Director of Warehouse Operations supervises ten Supply Technicians, five Local Delivery Drivers, a Facilities Manager and a three person Maintenance Staff. The Director of Purchasing supervises ten Supply Coordinators and a Purchasing Manager. The Purchasing Manager supervises ten Buyers. Now that the description of the Lafleur trading company is been established, the CEO and executive team have identified a particular business problem that is affecting the profitability of the organization. The Busine ss Problem The one major problem within the Lafleur Trading Company is exposed within its networking topology within its local area network (LAN). The networking topology is the complete architecture of a network. Organizations such as corporations, colleges, and government agencies have all acquired large numbers of single user computer systems and upon reviewing and analyzing the Lafleur Trading Companies ‘Enterprise Sales Application’ on Microsoft Visio, there is a major problem within its network methodology. The architecture of the network is flawed. Although there is enough hardware to produce success within the companies’ infrastructure, the entire network lacks communication. This interconnection may include word processing, scientific computation, process control, or maybe general-purpose departments that perform many tasks. Interconnection allows users to exchange information (data) with other network members. It also allows resource sharing ofexpensive equipment such as file servers and high quality graphic printers, or access to more powerful computers for tasks too complicated for the local computer such as data warehousing and business intelligence processes. The problem with Lafleur Trading Company exists because they lack these basic needs to have a healthy communication between any departments. They lack in the major component of networking, which is data transfers or exchanging information. Let’s take a closer look at the company’s LAN. The company LAN is designed in what is known as a bus topology. Karl Falls describes a Bus topology as such: â€Å"A Bus topology refers to a single cable that connects all the workstations, server s, printers and other devices on the network. The cable runs from device to device by using tee connectors that plug into the network adapter cards. Each end device has a terminator on one end of the tee and a cable going out to the next device on the other end, while all devices in the middle have one cable coming in and one going out. The terminators on each end device simply stop the network signal from reflecting back into the cable and colliding with other transmissions.† The most common type of network cable used for a bus topology is RG-58 thin net. The network speed is limited to 10 megabits per second, making it a suitable media for only 10 BASE 2 Ethernet. There are also network size limitations. You may have a maximum of twenty network devices on a segment, and the segment cannot exceed 185 meters in total length. By using a device called a repeater that boosts the signal, you can have up to five segments on a network. However, only three of these segments can have devices attached to them. The other two segments are used to link the three populated segments, giving you a maximum number of sixty devices with a to tal network length of 925 meters. This topology works equally well for either peer to peer or client server. There are advantages and disadvantages to this set up or architecture of the organization. Some of the advantages include being less expensive to install because it is a one-cable network that requires no switches or routers for messaging. This is good for a small network like dental office or an optometrist. However, the disadvantages outweigh the advantages. Some of the disadvantages are that the trading company is too big for such a LAN because the company limits itself in size and speed of meeting the demands of a competitive trading market. Moreover one bad connector can take down entire network and that is very costly and difficultto troubleshoot. This leads to a quote by Gordon Bell, â€Å"The easiest way for an enterprise to fall is to select cheapest, fastest, and most unreliable components for its big business network.† Lafleur Trading Company is guilty of cutting corners in its initial networking topology and this leads to problems within the hardware infrastructure, problems within the client to company relations, problems in the speed of the network, problems in the repair of the network, problems in the maintenance of the network, problems in the communication between departments that need to talk with each other, problems with privacy in the upper ranks of the company, problems with data management and analysis, and problems keeping up with the competition. SR-lf-001 presents the opportunity for Lafleur to bring it’s network infrastructure to a place where it can handle the advanced data storage and analysis operations it needs to conduct in order to stay competitive in their market and look forward to a profitable, intelligent future for the business. The Benefits of This Approach Having a high quality network for communication between departments and branches of a company brings with it a certain set of advantages when it comes to data warehousing and business intelligence. Some of these benefits include quick, efficient retrieval of information from data warehouses, more efficient queries when analyzing data, the ability to make educated decisions based on that data, and effective reporting processes. Business intelligence systems are important in a company because they allow an organization to collect sales data and quickly analyze trends in order to respond to changes in customer demand resulting in increased sales. A business intelligence application supports and provides intelligence for Business Process needs. A good business intelligence system delivers information that is insightful, timely, and reliable. This information is delivered in a way that is useful (i.e. not complex. The data is understandable and actionable) and relevant to what is currently happening in the company. This data is also retained for enough time for analysts to look at historical data and make decisions and determine future trends based upon customer activity shown in that data. (McQuigg, February 2009). Business intelligence applications retrieve their data from data warehouses. A Data Warehouse (DW) is simply a consolidation of data from a variety of sources that is designed to support strategic and tactical decision-making. Its main purpose is to provide a coherent picture of the business at a point in time. Using various Data Warehousing toolsets, users are able to run online queries and ‘mine† their data. (data-warehouses.net, February 2012) Being subject-oriented enables the data to be analyzed based upon a particular subject, making the analysis process more streamlined than if the BI process had to loop through bytes of unrelated data in search of relevant information. These things are very important for a company that wants to stay competitive in their market. Up to date, accurate and integrated information about a company’s supply chain, products, and customers are critical for the company’s survival. (data-warehouses.net, February 2012)Without these things, a company has no intelligence on their customers, what is happening with their product, and no way to make decisions about how to go forward in the future. If a company is unable to probably store, retrieve, and analyze their data to make business decisions, the company will fail. By implementing strong, modern, fast networking infrastructure and data collection channels, Lafleur Trading Company positions itself as a competitive, forward-thinking company that will be able to succeed. This is due to their ability to make smart decisions based on actual, relevant data retrieved from their business intelligence process. Conclusion Lafleur Trading Company is the type of organization that can live or die based on the whims of its customers. Especially in this modern, computerized society, without the infrastructure in place to collect customer data, analyze that data, and make intelligent decisions based on that data, Lafleur cannot hope to be competitive in their market and will likely fail as an organization. The completion of SR-lf-001 and the development of a strong data warehousing plan and business intelligence application will allow them to be successful, profitable, and will stimulate growth and expansion for the entire company. REFERENCES LaFleur.com (January, 2012) Human Resources. Retrived from https://ecampus.phoenix.edu/secure/aapd/CIST/VOP/Business/Lafleur/intranet/human-resources/cio.asp Bell, G. (June 29, 2011). Network Infrastructures. Retrieved from http://quotes.cat-v.org Falls, K. (jan 7, 2011). Network Topologies. Retrieved from http://fallsconnect.com 1keydata.com (Januray, 2012) Data Warehouse Definition. Retrieved from http://www.1keydata.com/datawarehousing/data-warehouse-definition.html http://data-warehouses.net (February, 2012) Guide to Data Warehousing and Business Intelligence. Retrieved from http://data-warehouses.net/guide/introduction.html