100 Must-Read Classics in Translation

100 Must-Read Classics in Translation If ever there was a time to read books from different cultures and time periods, this is it. We have so much information and so many stories from around the world available to us, and yet so often we (myself included) end up reading books about ourselves, more or less. Theres nothing wrong with that, of course, but why not pick up a book in translation now and then, and why not try a book from the past? Here is a list of classics in translation from around the world, written in languages other than English,  that have something to teach us about our fellow human beings. The books below were published at least 50 years ago (so nothing after 1967). The book descriptions come from publisher copy. The Odyssey by Homer, translated by Robert Fagles (Greece, 8th century B.C.): If the Iliad is the worlds greatest war epic, then the Odyssey is literatures grandest evocation of everymans journey though life. Stung with Love: Poems and Fragments of Sappho by Sappho, translated by Aaron Poochigian (Greece, c. 630â€"570 B.C.): Little remains today of [Sapphos] writings The surviving texts consist of a lamentably small and fragmented body of lyric poetryâ€"among them poems of invocation, desire, spite, celebration, resignation and remembrance. Antigone by Sophocles, translated by E.H. Plumtre (Greece, 441 B.C.): [Antigone, which is] the first Theban play written by Sophocles yet chronologically last in the cycle, is a masterpiece of classical antiquity which examines the conflict between public duty and personal loyalty. The Selected Poems of Tao Chien by Tao Chien, translated by David Hinton (China, early 400s): Tao Chien, (365â€"427, C.E.), [is] one of the most revered poets in classical Chinese literature. The Kagero Diary by a woman known only as the Mother of Michitsuna, translated by Sonja Arntzen (Japan c. 974): Japan is the only country in the world where it was primarily the works of women writers that laid the foundation for the classical literary tradition. The Kagero Diary is the first extant work of that rich and brilliant tradition. The Pillow Book by Sei Shonagon, translated by Meredith McKinney (Japan, 990sâ€"early 1000s): Written by the court gentlewoman Sei Shonagon, ostensibly for her own amusement, The Pillow Book offers a fascinating exploration of life among the nobility at the height of the Heian period. The Tale of Genji by Murasaki Shikibu, translated by Royall Tyler (Japan, early 1000s): The Tale of Genji is a very long romance, running to fifty-four chapters and describing the court life of Heian Japan, from the tenth century into the eleventh. The Sarashina Diary: A Womans Life in Eleventh-Century Japan by Lady Sarashina, translated by Moriyuki Ito (Japan, 11th century): A thousand years ago, a young Japanese girl embarked on a journey from the wild East Country to the capital. She began a diary that she would continue to write for the next forty years and compile later in life, bringing lasting prestige to her family. Selected Writings: Hildegard of Bingen by Hildegard of Bingen, translated by Mark Atherton (Germany, 12th century): Hildegard, the Sybil of the Rhine, was a Benedictine nun and one of the most prolific and original women writers of the Middle Ages. The Lais of Marie de France by Marie de France, translated by Glyn S. Burgess (France, England, late 12th century): Marie de France (fl. late twelfth century) is the earliest known French woman poet and her laisâ€"stories in verse based on Breton tales of chivalry and romanceâ€"are among the finest of the genre. The Confessions of Lady Nijo by Lady Nijo, translated by Karen Brazell (Japan, early 13th century): In about 1307 a remarkable woman in Japan sat down to complete the story of her life. The result was an autobiographical narrative, a tale of thirty-six years (1271â€"1306) in the life of Lady Nijo, starting when she became the concubine of a retired emperor in Kyoto at the age of fourteen and ending, several love affairs later, with an account of her new life as a wandering Buddhist nun. Essays in Idleness by Yoshida Kenko, translated by Meredith McKinney (Japan, 1330â€"1332): The Buddhist priest Kenko clung to tradition, Buddhism, and the pleasures of solitude, and the themes he treats in his Essays, written sometime between 1330 and 1332, are all suffused with an unspoken acceptance of Buddhist beliefs. The Book of the City of Ladies by Christine de Pizan, translated by Rosalind Brown-Grant (French Italian, 1405): The pioneering Book of the City of Ladies begins when, feeling frustrated and miserable after reading a male writers tirade against women, Christine de Pizan has a dreamlike vision where three virtuesâ€"Reason, Rectitude and Justiceâ€"appear to correct this view. The Inferno by Dante Alighieri, translated by Robert Hollander (Italy, 1472): Guided by the poet Virgil, Dante plunges to the very depths of Hell and embarks on his arduous journey towards God. The Heptameron by Marguerite Navarre, translated by Paul Chilton (France, 1559): In the early 1500s five men and five women find themselves trapped by floods and compelled to take refuge in an abbey high in the Pyrenees. When told they must wait days for a bridge to be repaired, they are inspiredâ€"by recalling Boccaccios Decameronâ€"to pass the time in a cultured manner by each telling a story every day. The Essays: A Selection by Michel de Montaigne, translated by M.A. Screech (France, late 16th century): To overcome a crisis of melancholy after the death of his father, Montaigne withdrew to his country estates and began to write, and in the highly original essays that resulted he discussed themes such as fathers and children, conscience and cowardice, coaches and cannibals, and, above all, himself. Don Quixote by Miguel Cervantes, translated by Edith Grossman (Spain, 1615): Widely regarded as one of the funniest and most tragic books ever written, Don Quixote chronicles the adventures of the self-created knight-errant Don Quixote of La Mancha and his faithful squire, Sancho Panza, as they travel through sixteenth-century Spain. Sor Juana Ines de la Cruz: Selected Works by Sor Juana Ines de la Cruz, translated by Edith Grossman (Mexico, 17th century): Sor Juana (1651â€"1695) was a fiery feminist and a woman ahead of her time. Like Simone de Beauvoir, she was very much a public intellectual. Her contemporaries called her the Tenth Muse and the Phoenix of Mexico, names that continue to resonate. Selected Letters by Madame de Sévigné, translated by Leonard Tancock (France, 17th century): One of the worlds greatest correspondents, Madame de Sévigné (1626â€"96) paints an extraordinarily vivid picture of France at the time of Louis XIV, in eloquent letters written throughout her life to family and friends. The Princess of Cleves by Madame de La Fayette, translated by Robin Buss (France, 1678): Poised between the fading world of chivalric romance and a new psychological realism, Madame de Lafayettes novel of passion and self-deception marks a turning point in the history of the novel. The Narrow Road to the Deep North by Matsuo Basho, translated by Nobuyuki Yuasa (Japan, 1694): In his perfectly crafted haiku poems, Basho described the natural world with great simplicity and delicacy of feeling. Letters of a Peruvian Woman by Françoise de Graffigny, translated by Jonathan Mallinson (France, 1747): One of the most popular novels of the eighteenth century, the Letters of a Peruvian Woman recounts the story of Zilia, an Inca Virgin of the Sun, who is captured by the Spanish conquistadores and brutally separated from her lover, Aza. The Story of the Stone by Cao Xueqin, translated by David Hawkes (China, mid 18th century): Through the changing fortunes of the Jia family, this rich, magical work sets worldly eventsâ€"love affairs, sibling rivalries, political intrigues, even murderâ€"within the context of the Buddhist understanding that earthly existence is an illusion and karma determines the shape of our lives. The Story of Beauty and the Beast by Madame de Villeneuve, translated by James Robinson Planche (France, 1740): This book contains the original tale by Madame de Villeneuve, first published in 1740. The Sorrows of Young Werther by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, translated by David Constantine (Germany, 1774): Goethes story of a sensitive young artistâ€"an alienated youth of searching introspection and passionate intensityâ€"captured the Romantic sensibility of the day and led to a wave of imitations. Les Liaisons Dangereuses by Pierre Choderlos de Laclos, translated by P.W.K. Stone (France, 1782): the Vicomte de Valmont and the Marquise de Merteuil, form an unholy alliance and turn seduction into a gameâ€"a game which they must win. Voyage Around My Room by Xavier de Maistre, translated by Stephen Sartarelli (France, 1794): Admired by Nietzsche and Machado de Assis, Ossian and Susan Sontag, this classic book proves that sitting on the living-room sofa can be as fascinating as crossing the Alps or paddling up the Amazon. Delphine by Germaine de Staël, translated by Avriel H. Goldberger (France, 1802): Delphine is a profound commentary on the status of women during a critical period of French political history. Delphines eighteenth-century conventional form as an epistolary novel masks its unconventional questioning of accepted values and norms. Indiana by George Sand, translated by Sylvia Raphael (France, 1832): [This novel] is not only a vivid romance, but also an impassioned plea for change in the inequitable French marriage laws of the time, and for a new view of women. The Count of Monte Cristo by Alexandre Dumas, translated by Robin Buss (France, 1844): Thrown in prison for a crime he has not committed, Edmond Dantes is confined to the grim fortress of If. There he learns of a great hoard of treasure hidden on the Isle of Monte Cristo and becomes determined not only to escape but to unearth the treasure and use it to plot the destruction of the three men responsible for his incarceration. Madame Bovary by Gustave Flaubert, translated by Margaret Mauldon (France, 1856): When Emma Rouault marries Charles Bovary she imagines she will pass into the life of luxury and passion that she reads about in sentimental novels and womens magazines. But Charles is a dull country doctor, and provincial life is very different from the romantic excitement for which she yearns. Les Miserables by Victor Hugo, translated by Julie Rose (France, 1862): The story of how the convict Jean-Valjean struggled to escape his past and reaffirm his humanity, in a world brutalized by poverty and ignorance, became the gospel of the poor and the oppressed. Crime and Punishment by Fyodor Dostoevsky, translated by Richard Pevear and Larissa Volokhonsky (Russia, 1866): A troubled young man commits the perfect crime: the murder of a vile pawnbroker whom no one will miss. Anna Karenina by Leo Tolstoy, translated by Richard Pevear and Larissa Volokhonsky (Russia, 1873â€"1877): Anna Karenina tells of the doomed love affair between the sensuous and rebellious Anna and the dashing officer, Count Vronsky. Tragedy unfolds as Anna rejects her passionless marriage and thereby exposes herself to the hypocrisies of society. A Dolls House by Henrik Ibsen, translated by Michael Meyer (Norway, 1879): A Dolls House is a masterpiece of theatrical craft which, for the first time portrayed the tragic hypocrisy of Victorian middle class marriage on stage. The play ushered in a new social era and exploded like a bomb into contemporary life.' The Saga of Gosta Berling by Selma Lagerlof, translated by Paul Norlen (Sweden, 1891): The eponymous hero, a country pastor whose appetite for alcohol and indiscretions ends his career, falls in with a dozen vagrant Swedish cavaliers and enters into a power struggle with the richest woman in the province. Selected Poems of Gabriela Mistral by Gabriela Mistral, translated by Ursula K. LeGuin (Chile, early 20th century): The first Nobel Prize in literature to be awarded to a Latin American writer went to the Chilean poet Gabriela Mistral. Famous and beloved during her lifetime all over Latin America and in Europe, Mistral has never been known in North America as she deserves to be. The Book of Disquiet by Fernando Pessoa, translated by Margaret Jull Costa (Portugal, early 20th century): An autobiography or diary containing exquisite melancholy observations, aphorisms, and ruminations, this classic work grapples with all the eternal questions. The Complete Poems of Anna Akhmatova by Anna Akhmatova, translated by Judith Hemschemeyer (Russia, early 20th century): From the artistic passion of the St Petersburg poets and bohemians, to the collective suffering of a nation, Anna Akhmatova spoke to, and for, the soul of her people. The Cherry Orchard by Anton Chekhov, translated by Michael Heim (Russia, 1904): [The Cherry Orchard] is one of the most critically admired and performed plays in the Western world, a high comedy whose principal theme, the passing of the old semifeudal order, is symbolized in the sale of the cherry orchard owned by Madame Ranevsky. I am a Cat by Soseki Natsume, translated by Katsue Shibata and Motonari Kai (Japan, 1905): The novel-essay I Am a Cat by Soseki Natsume is considered a milestone in contemporary Japanese literature. In it, we have a glimpse of Japanese life at the early part of the twentieth century as seen by a cat. Jakob von Gunten by Robert Walser, translated by Christopher Middleton (Switzerland, 1909): [This novel] tells the story of a seventeen-year-old runaway from an old family who enrolls in a school for servants. Swanns Way: In Search of Lost Time by Marcel Proust, translated by Lydia Davis (France, 1913): Swanns Way is one of the preeminent novels of childhood: a sensitive boys impressions of his family and neighbors, all brought dazzlingly back to life years later by the taste of a madeleine. The Wild Geese by Ogai Mori, translated by Sanford Goldstein (Japan, 1913): In The Wild Geese, prominent Japanese novelist Ogai Mori offers a poignant story of unfulfilled love, set against the background of the dizzying social change accompanying the fall of the Meiji regime. The Metamorphosis by Franz Kafka, translated by Michael Hoffman (Austria-Hungary, 1915): The Metamorphosis is the story of a young man who, transformed overnight into a giant beetle-like insect, becomes an object of disgrace to his family, an outsider in his own home, a quintessentially alienated man. Rashomon and Other Stories by Ryunosuke Akutagawa, translated by Takashi Kojima (Japan, 1915): This fascinating collection gave birth to a new paradigm when Akira Kurosawa made famous Akutagawas disturbing tale of seven people recounting the same incident from shockingly different perspectives. The Home and the World by Rabindranath Tagore, translated by Surendranath Tagore (India, 1916): Set on a Bengali nobles estate in 1908, this is both a love story and a novel of political awakening. The central character, Bimala, is torn between the duties owed to her husband, Nikhil, and the demands made on her by the radical leader, Sandip. Chéri and the Last of Chéri by Colette, translated by Roger Senhouse (France, 1920): Chéri, together with The Last of Chéri, is a classic story of a love affair between a very young man and a charming older woman. Kristin Lavransdatter by Sigrid Undset, translated by Tiina Nunnally (Denmark, 1920â€"1922): In her great historical epic Kristin Lavransdatter, set in fourteenth-century Norway, Nobel laureate Sigrid Undset tells the life story of one passionate and headstrong woman. Siddhartha by Hermann Hesse, translated by Joachim Neugroschel (Germany, 1922): Set in India,  Siddhartha  is the story of a young Brahmins search for ultimate reality after meeting with the Buddha. Diary of a Madman by Lu Xun, translated by William A. Lyell (China, 1920sâ€"1930s): This collection of short stories by Lu Xun includes the celebrated short story, A Madmans Diary is considered to be one of the first and most influential modern works written in vernacular Chinese. The Magic Mountain by Thomas Mann, translated by John E. Woods (Germany, 1924): In this dizzyingly rich novel of ideas, Mann uses a sanatorium in the Swiss Alpsâ€"a community devoted exclusively to sicknessâ€"as a microcosm for Europe, which in the years before 1914 was already exhibiting the first symptoms of its own terminal irrationality. Chaka by Thomas Mofolo, translated by Daniel Kunene (Lesotho, 1925): The author manipulates events leading to Chakas status of great Zulu warrior, conqueror, and king to emphasize classic tragedys psychological themes of ambition and power, cruelty, and ultimate ruin. Miss Sophies Diary and Other Stories by Ding Ling, translated by W.J.F. Jenner (China, 1928): Miss Sophies Diary, by one of Chinas best-known writers, created a sensation when first published in 1928 for the frank portrayal of a young womans ideals and emotions in conflict. Alls Quiet on the Western Front by Erich Maria Remarque, translated by Arthur Wesley Wheen (Germany, 1929): This is the testament of Paul Bäumer, who enlists with his classmates in the German army during World War I. They become soldiers with youthful enthusiasm. But the world of duty, culture, and progress they had been taught breaks in pieces under the first bombardment in the trenches. Grand Hotel by Vicki Baum, translated by Basil Creighton (Austria, 1929): A grand hotel in the center of 1920s Berlin serves as a microcosm of the modern world in Vicki Baum’s celebrated novel, a Weimar-era best seller that retains all its verve and luster today. Letters to a Young Poet by Rainer Maria Rilke, translated by Charlie Louth (Germany, 1929): Written when Rainer Maria Rilke was himself still a young man with most of his greatest work before him, [these letters] are addressed to a student who had sent Rilke some of his work, asking for advice about becoming a writer. The Street of Crocodiles by Bruno Schulz, translated by Celina Wieniewska (Poland, 1934): The Street of Crocodiles in the Polish city of Drogobych is a street of memories and dreams where recollections of Bruno Schulzs uncommon boyhood and of the eerie side of his merchant familys life are evoked in a startling blend of the real and the fantastic. Journey by Moonlight by Antal Szerb, translated by Len Rix (Hungary, 1937): The trouble begins in Venice, the first stop on Erzsi and Mihály’s honeymoon tour of Italy. Here Erzsi discovers that her new husband prefers wandering back alleys on his own to her company. A Riot of Goldfish by Kanoko Okamoto, translated by J. Keith Vincent (Japan, 1937): In early 20th-century Japan, the son of lower-class goldfish sellers falls in love with the beautiful daughter of his rich patron. After he is sent away to study the science of goldfish breeding he vows to devote his life to producing one ideal, perfect goldfish specimen to reflect his loved-ones beauty. Snow Country by Yasunari Kawabata, translated by Edward Seidensticker (Japan, 1937): Nobel Prize winner Yasunari Kawabata’s Snow Country is widely considered to be the writer’s masterpiece: a powerful tale of wasted love set amid the desolate beauty of western Japan. Child of All Nations by Irmgard Keun, translated by Michael Hofmann (Germany, 1938): Kully knows some things you don’t learn at school But there are also things she doesn’t understand, like why there might be a war in Europeâ€"just that there are men named Hitler, Mussolini and Chamberlain involved. Beware of Pity by Stefan Zweig, translated by Phyllis Blewitt and Trevor Blewitt (Austria-Hungary, 1939): The great Austrian writer Stefan Zweig was a master anatomist of the deceitful heart, and Beware of Pity, the only novel he published during his lifetime, uncovers the seed of selfishness within even the finest of feelings. The Stranger by Albert Camus, translated by Matthew Ward (France, 1942): Through the story of an ordinary man unwittingly drawn into a senseless murder on an Algerian beach, Camus explored what he termed the nakedness of man faced with the absurd.' Icelands Bell by Halldor Laxness, translated by Philip Roughton (Iceland, 1943): At the close of the 17th century, Iceland is an oppressed Danish colony, suffering under extreme poverty, famine, and plague. A farmer and accused cord-thief named Jon Hreggvidsson makes a bawdy joke about the Danish king and soon after finds himself a fugitive charged with the murder of the king’s hangman. Love in a Fallen City by Eileen Chang, translated by Karen S. Kingsbury (China, 1943): Written when Chang was still in her twenties, these extraordinary stories combine an unsettled, probing, utterly contemporary sensibility, keenly alert to sexual politics and psychological ambiguity, with an intense lyricism that echoes the classics of Chinese literature. The Makioka Sisters by Junichiro Tanizaki, translated by Edward G. Seidensticker (Japan, 1943â€"1948): Junichiro Tanizaki’s magisterial evocation of a proud Osaka family in decline during the years immediately before World War II is arguably the greatest Japanese novel of the twentieth century and a classic of international literature. Nada by Carmen Laforet, translated by Edith Grossman (Spain, 1944): A modern Spanish classic The novel conveys beautifully the spirit of war-torn, brutalized Barcelona. No Exit by Jean-Paul Sartre, translated by Stuart Gilbert (France, 1944): The play is a depiction of the afterlife in which three deceased characters are punished by being locked into a room together for eternity. Transit by Anna Seghers, translated by Margot Bettauer Dembo (Germany, 1944): Anna Seghers’s Transit is an existential, political, literary thriller that explores the agonies of boredom, the vitality of storytelling, and the plight of the exile with extraordinary compassion and insight. The Diary of a Young Girl by Anne Frank, translated by B.M. Mooyaart (Netherlands, 1947): In 1942, with the Nazis occupying Holland, a thirteen-year-old Jewish girl and her family fled their home in Amsterdam and went into hiding. For the next two years, until their whereabouts were betrayed to the Gestapo, the Franks and another family lived cloistered in the Secret Annexe of an old office building. The Second Sex by Simone de Beauvoir, translated by Constance Borde and Sheila Malovany-Chevallier (France, 1949): Simone de Beauvoir’s essential masterwork is a powerful analysis of the Western notion of woman, and a revolutionary exploration of inequality and otherness. Thus Were Their Faces by Silvina Ocampo, translated by Daniel Balderston (Argentina, mid 20th century): Here are tales of doubles and impostors, angels and demons, a marble statue of a winged horse that speaks, a beautiful seer who writes the autobiography of her own death, a lapdog who records the dreams of an old woman, a suicidal romance, and much else that is incredible, mad, sublime, and delicious. The Poetry of Pablo Neruda by Pablo Neruda, translated by Ilan Stavans (Chile, mid-20th century): This selection of Nerudas poetry, the most comprehensive single volume available in English, presents nearly six hundred poems, scores of them in new and sometimes multiple translations, and many accompanied by the Spanish original. The Complete Stories by Clarice Lispector, translated by Katrina Dodson (Brazil, 1950sâ€"1970s): From one of the greatest modern writers, these stories, gathered from the nine collections published during her lifetime, follow an unbroken time line of success as a writer, from her adolescence to her death bed. Pinjar: The Skeleton and Other Stories by Amrita Pritam, translated by Khushwant Singh (India, 1950): An emotional story of a girlâ€"once kidnapped, even her father refused to accept her. She struggles to return such another girl and succeeds. Waiting for God by Simone Weil, translated by Emma Craufurd (France, 1950): Emerging from the thought-provoking discussions and correspondence Simone Weil had with the Reverend Father Perrin, this classic collection of essays contains the renowned philosopher and social activists most profound meditations on the relationship of human life to the realm of the transcendent. Memoirs of Hadrian by Marguerite Yourcenar, translated by Grace Frick (France, 1951): In [Memoirs of Hadrian], Marguerite Yourcenar reimagines the Emperor Hadrians arduous boyhood, his triumphs and reversals, and finally, as emperor, his gradual reordering of a war-torn world. Bonjour Tristesse by Francois Sagan, translated by Irene Ash (France, 1954): Endearing, self-absorbed, seventeen-year-old Cécile is the very essence of untroubled amorality. Freed from the stifling constraints of boarding school, she joins her fatherfor a carefree, two-month summer vacation in a beautiful villa outside of Paris with his latest mistress, Elsa. The Ten Thousand Things by Maria Dermoût, translated by Hans Koning (Indonesia/Netherlands, 1955): [This novel] is the story of Felicia, who returns with her baby son from Holland to the Spice Islands of Indonesia, to the house and garden that were her birthplace, over which her powerful grandmother still presides. Palace Walk by Naguib Mahfouz, translated by William M. Hutchins and Olive E. Kenny (Egypt, 1956): A national best-seller in both hardcover and paperback, it introduces the engrossing saga of a Muslim family in Cairo during Egypts occupation by British forces in the early 1900s. Arturos Island by Elsa Morante, translated by Isabel Quigley (Italy, 1957): Arturos mother is dead; his father away. Black-clad women care for him, give him the freedom to come and go as he likes. Then the father returns with a new wife, Nunziata, a girl barely older than Arturo. The Waiting Years by Fumiko Enchi, translated by John Bester (Japan, 1957): In a series of colorful, unforgettable scenes, Enchi brilliantly handles the human interplay within the ill-fated Shirakawa family. Memoirs of a Woman Doctor by Nawal El Saadawi, translated by Catherine Cobham (Egypt, 1958): Rebelling against the constraints of family and society, a young Egyptian woman decides to study medicine, becoming the only woman in a class of men. The Planetarium by Nathalie Sarraute, translated by Maria Jolas (France, 1959): A young writer has his heart set on his aunts large apartment. With this seemingly simple conceit, the characters of The Planetarium are set in orbit and a galaxy of argument, resentment, and bitterness erupts. The Open Door by Latifa al-Zayyat, translated by Marilyn Booth (Egypt, 1960): Published in 1960, [this book] was very bold for its time in exploring a middle-class Egyptian girls coming of sexual and political age, in the context of the Egyptian nationalist movement preceding the 1952 revolution. The Book of Lamentations by Rosario Castellanos, translated by Ester Allen (Mexico, 1962): Set in the highlands of the Mexican state of Chiapas, The Book of Lamentations tells of a fictionalized Mayan uprising that resembles many of the rebellions that have taken place since the indigenous people of the area were first conquered by European invaders five hundred years ago. The Death of Artemio Cruz by Carlos Fuentes, translated by Alfred MacAdam (Mexico, 1962): As the novel opens, Artemio Cruz, the all-powerful newspaper magnate and land baron, lies confined to his bed and, in dreamlike flashes, recalls the pivotal episodes of his life. Carlos Fuentes manipulates the ensuing kaleidoscope of images with dazzling inventiveness, layering memory upon memory. Labyrinths by Jorge Luis Borges, translated by Donald A. Yates and James E. Irby (Argentina, 1962): Labyrinths is a representative selection of Borges writing, some forty pieces drawn from various of his books published over the years. The Little Virtues by Natalia Ginzburg, translated by Dick David (Italy, 1962): Ginzburg brings to her reflections the wisdom of a survivor and the spare, wry, and poetically resonant style her readers have come to recognize. Hopscotch: A Novel by Julio Cortazar, translated by Gregory Rabassa (Argentina, 1963): Horacio Oliveira is an Argentinian writer who lives in Paris with his mistress, La Maga, surrounded by a loose-knit circle of bohemian friends who call themselves the Club. A childs death and La Magas disappearance put an end to his life of empty pleasures and intellectual acrobatics. Izas Ballad by Magda Szabo, translated by George Szirtes (Hungary, 1963): Iza’s Ballad is a striking story of the relationship between two women, in this case a mother and a daughter. The Sailor Who Fell from Grace with the Sea by Yukio Mishima, translated by John Nathan (Japan, 1963): Yukio Mishima’s The Sailor Who Fell From Grace With the Sea explores the vicious nature of youth that is sometimes mistaken for innocence. They Divided the Sky by Christa Wolf, translated by Luise von Flotow (Germany, 1963): They Divided the Sky tells the story of a young couple, living in the new, socialist, East Germany, whose relationship is tested to the extreme not only because of the political positions they gradually develop but, very concretely, by the Berlin Wall, which went up on August 13, 1961. A Personal Matter by Kenzaburo Oe, translated by John Nathan (Japan, 1964): A Personal Matter is the story of Bird, a frustrated intellectual in a failing marriage whose Utopian dream is shattered when his wife gives birth to a brain-damaged child. The Ravishing of Lol Stein by Marguerite Duras, translated by Richard Seaver (France, 1964): Lol Stein is a beautiful young woman, securely married, settled in a comfortable lifeâ€"and a voyeur. Returning with her husband and children to the town where, years before, her fiancé had abandoned her for another woman, she is drawn inexorably to recreate that long-past tragedy. Closely Watched Trains by Bohumil Hrabal, translated by Edith Pargeter (Czech, 1965): Hrabals postwar classic about a young mans coming of age in German-occupied Czechoslovakia is among his most popular works. Milos Hrma is a timid railroad apprentice who insulates himself with fantasy against a reality filled with cruelty and grief. The Doctors Wife by Sawako Ariyoshi, translated by Wakako Hironaka (Japan, 1966): Thus, this novel is really two stories: on the one hand, the successful medical career of Hanaoka Seishu, the first doctor in the world to perform surgery for breast cancer under a general anesthetic; on the other hand, the lives of his wife and his mother. The Master and Margarita by Mikhail Bulgakov, translated by Richard Pevear and Larissa Volokhonsky (Russia, 1966): Mikhail Bulgakov’s fantastical, funny, and devastating satire of Soviet life combines two distinct yet interwoven parts, one set in contemporary Moscow, the other in ancient Jerusalem, each brimming with historical, imaginary, frightful, and wonderful characters. One Hundred Years of Solitude by Gabriel Garcia Marquez, translated by Gregory Rabassa (Colombia, 1967): One Hundred Years of Solitude tells the story of the rise and fall, birth and death of the mythical town of Macondo through the history of the Buendia family. What are your favorite classics in translation? Any that I missed?  

Gender Roles and Stereotypes Explored in Judy Manns The...

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The Great Depression Was A Dark Period - 859 Words

The Great Depression was a dark period in the history of the United States, which affected all the economic sectors of the Americans’ lifestyle and greatly suppressed the economic status of the United States, despite so closely following an era that appeared to offer much economic prosperity. There are many contributing factors and causes for this time of poverty and despair, however, some events may have contributed more to the Great Depression than others. These would include events such as the stock market crash of 1929, the maldistribution of purchasing power (overproduction), and also America’s position in international trade. These all greatly impacted America’s future and resulted in the great depression being inevitable. Both domestic and international factors led to the Great Depression, and one of the domestic factors involves the 1929 crash in the stock market. This event has come to be known as â€Å"The Great Crash.† It was in autumn of 1929 that the market actually began to fall apart. October 29, â€Å"Black Tuesday,† marked the day in which all efforts to save the market had failed. Throughout the 1920s, stock prices had been rising steadily, but in 1928 and 1929 they surged forward and the prices of stocks greatly rose and when they reached their peak most people sold their stocks to earn a profit. So many people sold their stocks at a rapid rate that the corporations were unable to pay the shareholders. In this time frame, over sixteen million shares of stock wereShow MoreRelatedThe Hardships through the Life of Pablo Picasso700 Words   |  3 Pagespoverty and hardships in his life. He knew what it was like to be at the bottom of societies standards. He dropped out of school at age 16 to pursue a better art education. Picasso and one of his close friends moved to Paris looking better art opportunities. 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Another thing that affects the periods are the wayRead MoreThe Raven By Edgar Allan Poe964 Words   |  4 Pagescurrent state of drunkenness, drug use, and depression as existing in a dark and dreary prison like setting, tormented by the memories of a lost love. Poe’s literary career was undoubtedly influenced by the many tragedies he suffered in his life. These misfortunes are evident in the correlation between his characte rs in his writings and real life events. It is clear that Poe had a problematic life from a young age; he struggled with mental illness, depression, and substance abuse including alcohol andRead MoreA Whiskey Train And A Doughnut Day1249 Words   |  5 PagesThe Great Depression was a dark period in American history. Countless fortunes, jobs, families, and even lives were destroyed during this sad chapter. Add drought along with the unending dust storms known as the Dust Bowl to the mix, and the result is a recipe for disaster. 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Nutrition in Fitness and Sport Free Essays

string(29) " the risk of protein losses\." Final Case Study: A Teenage Female Champion Grace MacMillan Nutrition for Fitness and Sport Introduction Ice hockey is characterized by high intensity intermittent skating, rapid changes in velocity, lengthy duration and frequent body contact (1). The typical player performs for 15 to 20 minutes of a 60 minute game (1). Each shift lasts from 30 to 90 seconds with 4 to 4 minutes of recovery between shifts. We will write a custom essay sample on Nutrition in Fitness and Sport or any similar topic only for you Order Now The intensity of a particular shift is determined be the duration and the extent of the contribution from aerobic to anaerobic energy systems by the player (1). In order to accommodate the body for these high intensity bursts and length of activity the player must develop muscle strength, power and anaerobic endurance in addition to a good aerobic system (1). Hockey players tend to have a mesomorphic structure and are relatively lean to positively influence their skating performance (1). For my nutrition analysis I chose an adolescent female hockey player. As far as teenage athletes go, AC has already more than filled her resume with an abundance of accomplishments including a gold medal from the 2012 IIHF World Women’s U18 Championship, the 2011 Tier 1 Under 19 U. S. National Championship, the 2010 Under 16 U. S. National Championship and the 2009 Atlantic Challenge Cup in addition to representing Team Nova Scotia at the 2011 Canada Winter Games. As a student at the private hockey prep school of Sattuck-St. Mary’s in Faribauly, Minnesota she is limited to a very specific selection of food on campus as she is a boarding student there. Female athletes are faced daily with the challenge of meeting the nutrient requirements for growth and development in addition to sport performance (2). Due to the wide range of physiological demands a large proportion of female athletes regularly do not meet DRI’s for a number of macro and micronutrients some of which include vitamin D, folate, vitamin E and calcium (2). The current research illustrates the challenges that female athletes may face, otherwise known as the â€Å"female athlete triad† which include disordered eating, amenorrhea and osteoporosis (3). Furthermore, female teenage athletes have found to have relatively low energy intake and inadequate intakes of certain nutrients which are observed to improve seasonally in correspondence to their in-season and off-season, respectively (4). Assessment Part A: Objective Data AC is a 17 year old female who is currently 68. 95kg at 1. 73m tall and has reported to have a 21% body fat composition, which equates to a normal BMI of 23. AC communicated the desire to cut weight to 65. 7kg, which equates to a normal BMI of 22 by August 1st 2012 in preparation for her next achievement of playing for Team Canada in the Olympics. In the patient’s case it would be more appropriate to use the body fat percentage to measure weight loss because the losses will be in body fat not lean body mass (5). Fortunately in preparation of this event, AC is required to fill out a daily reflection including food log, physical activity as defined by strength training, cardio and core exercise and personal r eflection. Thus, from the data given to me I have chosen to pick 3 weekdays and 3 weekend days to analyze. In summary, in-season she participates twice weekly with a strength training workout for approximately one hour and ice skating (practice) every day for approximately 1 hour and 15 minutes. As part of school extra circular activities she incorporates basketball 3 times weekly for 45 minutes in addition to games once to twice weekly. During the off-season she strives to maintain 4 days per week of strength training exercise, in addition to skating twice a week and running for approximately an hour each day. The raw data can be viewed in appendix A. Part B: Analysis of the Data The analysis of AC’s daily reflection reveals that as most female athletes she does not meet the required amount of energy for her physical activity level and body structure, but due to her current goal of losing weight, restricting calories while maintaining the recommended amount of servings as per the Canada’s Food Guide does not put her at risk for any of the symptoms of the female triad. AC’s diet analysis reveals that although she is meeting her calcium requirement, other nutrients of concern as revealed by the literature review such as vitamin D, E and folate are not being met. AC is currently taking a multivitamin but was unable to describe in any detail in the interview type or contents (as her mother sends them too her from home) but the vitamin most likely supplies micronutrient needs. Furthermore, in most cases AC is effective with meal timing, especially when you look at her inclusion of mid-morning snacks most days, which tend to be the days where a morning practice or working out is has occured. In regards to AC’s recommended food guide servings, as analyzed in appendix B, she meets her dairy servings all of the time, meat and alternative servings most of the time but only meets her fruit and vegetable and grain servings half some of the time. This further eliminates the risk of osteoporosis and protein losses, thus, analysis should focus on grain servings to promote increased carbohydrate consumption and reaching daily servings of fruits and vegetables. If we calculate AC’s carbohydrate (CHO) requirement as a recommendation based on body weight (per kg) and expressed as total grams per day considering her sport as intermittent high intensity she requires approximately 400g – 680g CHO/day. This amount can easily be adjusted daily in correspondence to the amount of exercise and energy level to accommodate weight loss. The average CHO intake was 246. 67g per day which equates to approximately 1000 Kcal per day but only nearly half of the recommended CHO consumption. As the role of protein is to build and repair tissue, consuming the recommended serving amounts is extremely important to protect herself against the risk of protein losses. You read "Nutrition in Fitness and Sport" in category "Essay examples" If we calculate AC`s protein (PRO) requirement as a recommendation based on body weight (per kg) and expressed as total grams per day considering her sport as intermittent high intensity she requires approximately 89g – 103g PRO/day. To protect against protein losses and maintain existing muscle, timing of consumption becomes extremely important. After exercise protein sources should be consumed immediately after (stage 1) and within 2 hours after (stage 2) but should not exceed more than 1. 6g/kg per day (5). The average PRO intake was 104g per day which equates to approximately 417. 33 Kcal per day and exceeds her recommended protein intake slightly. As some dietary fat is essential to cell development and synthesis, and the recommended amounts range from 20-35% of the dietary energy intake are required. In comparison to her recommended range of fat intake as described by EatTracker, AC is not usually achieving her recommended amount of fat as her average fat intake was 42g per day which equates to approximately 378 Kcal, which is just less than 12% daily intake from fat. Lastly, fluids impact the regulation of body temperature, hydration and remove metabolic excretions which all improve athletic performance. Sweat rates and hydration level are affected by the duration, environmental temperature and intensity of the exercise the participant is engaged in, ergo, water needs are fairly diverse. As a regular participant in vigorous and enduring exercise AC’s fluid recommendations would be fairly high. AC reported to consume at least one cup of water usually at every meal and drinks as much as 2L over the duration of any length of exercise. Nutrition Plan and Recommendations In regards to the literature review of typical female athlete concerns, AC is an ideal patient considering she does not show any symptoms of the female athlete triad and although weight loss is desired, she has determined an appropriate weight loss and time frame to achieve her goal by maintaining food guide recommendations while reducing energy intake. AC has described an appropriate goal of losing 3. 18kg over 8 months (as the goal was acknowledged in January) to increase athletic performance and maintain good health by reducing body fat. To improve weight loss results AC should consume a number of small frequent meals that have a high proportion of CHO to maintain blood glucose levels and moderate protein levels to ensure adequate replacement of lean protein tissue (5). Although AC is typically meeting her Food Guide recommendations, she needs to ensure adequate energy intake of approximately 2700 Kcal/day and devise energy into 5-6 small meals every day. Some days she is just barely consuming 1200 Kcal which is not enough energy to keep her body strong and maintain muscle tissue when considering the amount of physical demand on the body from the substantial amount of exercise. An energy reduction of 500 Kcal (2700kcal/day from 3200kcal/day) is appropriate to reduce weight by approximately 0. 45kg (1lb) per week, reducing weight by approximately 3. 6kg over 8 weeks. This gives the participant approximately 24 weeks to maintain and stabilize weight loss. As AC’s physical activity participation is generally stable it is more appropriate to request stable and reduced energy intakes versus increasing physical activity duration (5). Further recommendations for AC would be to monitor weight changes during exercise to ensure adequate hydration status. Before exercise, increase fluid intake and reduce fat and fiber intake to facilitate gastric emptying and minimize GI upsets (5). During and after exercise consume fluids to replace sweat losses and maintain hydration status, which may include incorporating a sport drink to replenish water, carbohydrate and electrolyte levels. To increase consumption, ensure fluids are chilled to approximately 10 degrees Celsius (5). Advise that most liquids including milk, water, soup, 100% percent juices and sports drinks all contribute to fluid intake recommendation. * I would advise AC to increase carbohydrate and fat intake by adding a carbohydrate rich snack in the afternoon each day and increase fat of dairy products. A recommended meal plan using the ‘Beyond the Basics’ guidelines can be viewed in appendix G taking into consideration AC’s limited food choices, EER, carbohydrate, protein and fat recommendations. Appendix A: AC’s Daily Reflections Appendix B: Nutritional Analysis via eaTracker (Dietitians of Canada) January 7 2012 Food Group Analysis Nutrient Analysis January 10 2012 Food Group Analysis Nutrient Analysis January 16 2012 Food Group Analysis Nutrition Analysis January 21 2012 Food Group Analysis Nutrient Analysis January 23 2012 Food Group Analysis Nutrient Analysis January 30 2012 Food Group Analysis Nutrient Analysis Appendix C: Overview of Vitamin Intake Analysis via eaTracker (Dietitians of Canada) Appendix D: Estimate Energy Requirements Calculation Female (age 9-18) = 135. 3 – 30. 8 x Age + [PA x (10. 0 x Wt. + 934 x Ht. )] + 25 = 135. 3 – 30. x Age + [1. 56 (10. 0 x 68. 95kg + 934 x 1. 73m)] + 25 = 3233 kcal/day ? 3200 kcal/day Appendix E: Carbohydrate Requirements As a percent of 3200 Kcal and expressed as total grams per day = 55 – 60% x 3200Kcal = 1760 – 1920Kcal / day = 1760 – 1920 Kcal / 4 Kcal/g ? 440 – 480 g CHO/day As a recommendation based on body weight (per kg) and expressed as total grams per day considering her sport as intermittent high intensity = 6 – 10g/kg x 68. 95kg = 413. 7g – 689. 5g CHO/day ? 400g – 680g CHO/day Appendix F: Protein Requirements As a recommendation based on body weight (per kg) and expressed as total grams per day = 1. 3g/kg – 1. g/kg x 68. 95kg = 89. 64g – 103. 43g PRO/day ? 89g – 103g PRO/day Appendix G: Meal Plan Breakfast 1 cup 100% fruit juice, 1 large banana, 1 slice French toast, 2 tbsp maple syrup, 1 cup yogurt Morning Snack 1 Instant Oatmeal pouch, 2 tbsp peanut butter, 1 med. apple Lunch 1 cups 2% milk, 1 cup pasta, ? cup ground beef, ? cup tomato sauce, 1 cup strawberries Afternoon Snack 12 crackers, 1 medium orange Supper 1 cup 2% milk, 1 cup rice, 1 chicken breast, ? cup carrots, ? cup kernel corn Evening snack 24 tortilla chips, ? cup salsa Appendix H: Meal Plan Analysis via eaTracker (Dietitians of Canada) Food Group Analysis of Meal Plan: Nutrient Analysis References 1. Montgomery DL. Physiology of Ice Hockey. Sports Med. 1988;5(2):99-126. 2. Gibson JC, Stuard-Hill L, Martin S and Gaul C. Nutritional status of junior elite Canadian female soccer athletes. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab. 2011;21(6):507-14. 3. Gabel K. Special nutritional concerns for the female athlete. ACSM. 2006;5(4):187-191. 4. Ziegler P et al. Nutritional status of teenage female competitive figure skaters. J Amer Diet Assoc. 2002;102(3):374-379. 5. Williams MH. Nutrition for Health, Fitness and Sport. 9th Ed. New York: McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc; 2010. 6. Dufour, A. Introduction to Protein Powerpoint. Bedford, MSVU; 2012. 7. Dufour, A. Practical Applications of Protein (PRO) Powerpoint. Bedford, MSVU; 2012. 8. Convertino, V. A, Armstrong L. E. , Coyle, W. F. , et al. (1996). American College of Sports Medicine Position Stand: Exercise and Fluid Replacement. American College of Sports Medicine, 517-521. 9. Dufour, A. Energy Metabolism and Carbohydrates Powerpoint. Bedford, MSVU; 2011. 10. Dieticians of Canada. EatTracker. Dieticians of Canada; 2012. 11. Canadian Diabetes Association. Beyond the Basics: Meal Planning for Healthy Eating, Diabetes Prevention and Management, Version 2. Toronto: Canadian Diabetes Association; 2005. How to cite Nutrition in Fitness and Sport, Essay examples

Leadership and Communication

The suggested article by de Vries, Bakker-Pieper, and Oostenveld (2009) has led me to the following assumptions.  First of all, the study has made me think about the importance of communication which may vary depending on the type of leadership but cannot be denied.Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on Leadership and Communication specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The idea of equating leadership to communication, as the authors suggest, is not valid for every leadership style. Still, it appears to be logical that the specifics of leadership are manifested through the type of communication the leader prefers. Therefore, communication is not only the means of knowledge and information exchange, but it is also a leadership tool that may be used to increase the employees’ satisfaction, trust, respect, and devotion (De Vries et al., 2009, p. 371). According to the article, the possible ways of achieving this result include (but are not limited to) exhibiting assuredness, argumentativeness, lack of verbal aggressiveness, preciseness, and supportiveness (De Vries et al., 2009, p. 369). It was especially important for me to receive a kind of scientific confirmation to the effectiveness of supportive leadership behavior (De Vries et al., 2009, p. 377). It is connected to my personal beliefs concerning leadership.  Apart from that, the suggested article proves that either communication style has its positive outcomes. While I have to admit that the human-oriented leadership is the one that appeals to me, every leadership model appears to have its advantages. For example, the positive qualities of a task-oriented leader include assuredness and preciseness (De Vries et al., 2009, p. 377). It is the latter of them that I consider especially important. In my opinion (which is supported by personal experience) vague goals are extremely disturbing for followers and reduce the trust and resp ect that a leader may potentially inspire. Since I would always respect a leader who is capable of providing consistent and clear instructions, I intend to pay particular attention to the preciseness of my own communication style in future. Taking into account the fact that different communication styles offer various opportunities, incorporating the elements of several models appears to be a promising activity. It could be useful to point out that the models suggested to us by the previous studies are complex and extensive, but there is always a limitation to them.Advertising Looking for critical writing on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In my opinion the generalized ideas that describe the way people appreciate different kinds of communication or leadership may be misleading, even though they do provide useful guidelines. In the process of leadership, a variety of suggested models can be used, and their choice is determined by the specific circumstances and the characteristics of the group the leader works with. I am not trying to diminish the importance of scientific works, but I attempt to highlight the importance of practical experience. Therefore, I assume that a leader may and should custom his or her own communication and other leadership tools to achieve better results depending on any particular circumstances. I wonder, though, if my peers would agree with me on the matter. This is the first issue I would like to suggest for the class discussion. The second one is connected to the previous conclusion. Since the process of leadership requires customizing communication models to suit the changing environment, it also presupposes flexibility and quick thinking. At the same time, I realize that leaders must be consistent in their actions, and, therefore, there must be a limit to their flexibility. The question of balance is always a controversial one, and I would like to discu ss this issue with my peers to achieve a more comprehensive conclusion. Reference De Vries, R., Bakker-Pieper, A., Oostenveld, W. (2009). Leadership = Communication? The Relations of Leaders’ Communication Styles with Leadership Styles, Knowledge Sharing and Leadership Outcomes. Journal Of Business Psychology, 25(3), 367-380. doi:10.1007/s10869-009-9140-2 This critical writing on Leadership and Communication was written and submitted by user Isabell Wilkinson to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Differential Psychology Essay Example

Differential Psychology Essay Example Differential Psychology Essay Differential Psychology Essay Differential Psychology studies the ways in which individuals differ in their behavior. This is distinguished from other aspects of psychology in that although psychology is ostensibly a study of individuals, modern psychologists often study  groups  or biological underpinnings of cognition. EXAMPLE In evaluating the effectiveness of a new therapy, the mean performance of the therapy in one  treatment group  might be compared to the mean effectiveness of a  placebo  (or a well-known therapy) in a second, control group. In this context, differences between individuals in their reaction to the experimental and control manipulations are actually treated as errors rather than as interesting phenomena to study. This is because  psychological research  depends upon statistical controls that are only defined upon groups of people. Individual difference psychologists usually express their interest in individuals while studying groups by seeking dimensions shared by all individuals but upon which individuals differ. Importance of individual differences Individual differences are essential whenever we wish to explain how individuals differ in their behavior. In any study, significant variation exists between individuals. Reaction time, preferences, values, and health-linked behaviors are just a few examples. Individual differences in factors such as  personality,  intelligence,  memory, or physical factors such as body size, sex, age, and other factors can be studied and used in understanding this large source of variance. Importantly, individuals can also differ not only in their current state, but in the magnitude or even direction of response to a given  stimulus. Such phenomena, often explained in terms of  inverted-U  response curves, place differential psychology at an important location in such endeavours as  personalized medicine, in which diagnoses are customised for an individuals response profile. Areas of study Individual differences research typically includes  personality,  motivation,  intelligence, bility,  IQ,  interests,  values,  self-concept,  self-efficacy, and  self-esteem  (to name just a few). There are few remaining differential psychology programs in the United States, although research in this area is very active. Current researchers are found in a variety of applied and experimental programs, includingeducational psychology,  Industrial and organizational psychology,  personality psychology,  social psychology, and  developmental psycholog y  programs, in the  neo-Piagetian theories of cognitive development  in particular.

Lorna Dee Cervantes - Feminist Chicana Voice

Lorna Dee Cervantes - Feminist Chicana Voice article edited with additions by  Jone Johnson Lewis Born: 1954 in San FranciscoKnown For: Chicana poetry, feminism, writing that bridges cultures Lorna Dee Cervantes is recognized as a significant voice in feminist and Chicana poetry. In fact, she has referred to her adoption of the label Chicana as a feminist identification within the Chicano movement.   She is critically acclaimed for writing poetry that bridges cultures and explores gender and various points of view. Background Born in San Francisco and raised in San Jose, California, Lorna Dee Cervantes has Mexican and Chumash heritage on her mothers side and Tarascan Indian heritage on her fathers side. When she was born, her family had been in California for several generations; she has called herself indigenous Californian.   She was raised in her maternal grandmothers home, where she discovered books in homes where her mother worked as a domestic worker. Lorna Dee Cervantes became an activist when she was a teenager. She was involved with the Womens Liberation Movement, NOW, the Farm Workers Movement, and the American Indian Movement (AIM), among other causes. Poetry Debut Lorna Dee Cervantes began writing poetry as a teenager and compiled a collection of her poems at age 15. Although her debut poetry collection, Emplumada, was published in 1981, she was a recognized poet before that publication. She participated in the San Jose poetry scene, and in 1974 she read one of her poems at a theater festival performance in Mexico City, which brought her accolades and attention in Mexico. A Rising Chicana Star It was not unusual to hear Chicano/a poetry performed as spoken word, not just consumed as a written medium. Lorna Dee Cervantes was a prominent voice of the rising generation of Chicana writers during the 1970s. In addition to writing and performing poetry, she founded Mango Publications in 1976. She also published a journal called Mango. The heady days of running a small press from the kitchen table led to further involvement with Chicano writers such as Sandra Cisneros, Alberto Rios, and Jimmy Santiago Baca. Womens Experiences Early in her poetry career, Lorna Dee Cervantes reflected on her mother and grandmother in her writing. She contemplated their place in society as women and as Chicana women. Chicana feminists often wrote of the struggles they faced fitting into white society, paralleled with the struggles of gender in society. Lorna Dee Cervantes described Emplumada as a womans coming-of-age and as a rebellion against the male-dominated Chicano movement. She resented being considered disloyal to Chicano social justice ideals when she pointed out sexism in the movement. Poems such as You Cramp My Style Baby directly confront the sexism in Chicano men and how Chicana women were treated as second class. When her mother was killed brutally after Emplumada had been published, she integrated grief and and a strong sense of injustice in her 1991 work. From the Cables of Genocide: Poems of Love and Hunger. Themes of love, hunger, genocide, grief, interweave with her understandings of culture and women, and with a vision of what affirms life. Other Work Lorna Dee Cervantes attended Cal State San Jose and UC Santa Cruz. She was a professor at the University of Colorado Boulder from 1989-2007 and briefly directed the Creative Writing program there. She received multiple prizes and fellowships, including the Lila Wallace Readers Digest Award, the Pushcart Prize, NEA fellowship grants, and the American Book Award for Emplumada. Other books by Lorna Dee Cervantes include   and Drive: The First Quartet (2005). Her work continues to reflect her ideals of social justice, eco-consciousness, and peace.